20165328 pre-Job 3 Linux installation and commands

Linux Installation and Learning

Problems with Linux installation:

Problem: When I started installing the virtual machine, the initial interface always appeared during the installation, and I couldn't skip it and get into a dead loop.

Solution: I found the answer after Baidu search on the Internet, the first interface is to ask me to choose the installation media, and I because I can not understand, so choose the wrong. I am using a CD-ROM to install, so choose CDROM. The second interface selects the type of drive device that needs to be loaded, and generally does not need to be manually selected.

Resolution steps: First put the virtual machine machine, open the VM settings---cdldvd, advanced, change the interface for the IDE, OK, then open the virtual machine on it.

Linux Learning Notes:

Linux and Windows are part of the operating system, but Linux is more complex and more difficult.

The first section. Linux System Introduction:

• Linux started in the 1950s
• Most of the software on Linux is open source free software
• Linux with graphical interface and full command-line operation
• Linux is mainly system debug and kernel
• Linux supports multiple platforms

The second section. Basic Linux Concepts and operations:

• Intermediate program Shell (shell)
• Touch (command) and file (file name)
• CD/ETC (CD for a command into a directory)
• PWD (view current directory)
• Wildcard characters * and? , which is used to blur the string

Section III. user file Rights Management:

• Create User: sudo
• Switch User: Su
• View users: $ Who am I
• Print all that can be printed:-A
• Print dead Process:-D
• Print the current number of logged in users and user name:-Q
• Print current logged on user information:-u
• Print run Level:-R
• View user groups: $ groups AAA
• To view the integrity of a directory:-A
• -dl< directory name > Show all file sizes and present them in a way that ordinary people can understand
• -assh s Display file size
• Sort by file size: S

Fourth section. Linux directory structure and file basic operation:

• FHS defines a two-tier specification
• The first layer is: What file data should be put in each directory below
• The second tier is: subdirectories for both USR and var directories
• RM Deletes a file
• MV Moving files
• CP copy a file to the specified directory

Fifth. Environment variables and file search:

• Create variable: Declare
• Assignment: =
• To view the value of a variable: echo $
• command to delete an environment variable: unset

Sixth. Packaging and decompression of files:

Seventh. File system and Disk Management:

• To view the capacity of a disk: DF
• To view the directory's capacity: Du
• Display in an easier-to-read manner:-H
• View only Level 1 directories:-h-d 0
• View Level 2 Catalog:-h-d 1
• Displays the size of all files in the directory;
• Show Total:-S
• commands for converting and copying files: DD
• Format disk: MKSF
• Mount disk to directory tree: Mount
• Disk partition: Fdisk
• To establish an association between a mirror and a loopback device: Losetup

Eighth section. Help commands under Linux:

• Commands for help:
• Open manual: Man ls
• MORE: Info man

20165328 pre-Job 3 Linux installation and commands