Archlinux configuration details

Occupy the first floor, and write it after the test. Too busy. The official wiki is too powerful. It is a waste of time to check other people's configurations. Maybe I see it too.

I can't help it. I started to write something.

1. Download the image and create an installation disk, which can be a USB flash drive or a CD. If you can't even do this, don't install arch.

2. Hard Disk partitioning. Fdisk is officially recommended. Not much. Save the result by W after the partition is completed

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1 && mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 && mkswap /dev/sda3 && swapon /dev/sda3

3. Hanging on the hard disk. For example

mount /dev/sda1 /mntmount /dev/sda2 /mnt/home

4. Modify the image source. VI/etc/Pacman. d/hosts list. Add a row. I use the source of our school to write it like this.

## BUAA MirrorServer = http://mirror.buaa.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch

Note: The first archlinux here refers to archlinux, which is a directory of the image site, and the $ repo behind it is the software source folder, $ arch refers to the system architecture you want to install. Because my notebook has 6 GB of memory, I installed a x86-64. In Linux, you can modify the kernel to implement a 32-bit system that supports large memory, but I think that is too troublesome.

5. pacbench/mnt base-devel

6. fstab is generated after the installation process is complete.

genfstab -U -p >> /mnt/etc/fstab

7. chroot to the newly installed system

arch-chroot /mnt

8. Modify/etc/locale. gen

It is worth mentioning that, in the past, the official wiki said that arch developers like to use Nano, so only nano and no VI are installed on the smallest CD, and now they have compromised. VI has been built in.

Locate the lines of en_us. * And zh_cn. *, and delete the # sign.

locale-gen

8. Modify the hostname

echo frost > /etc/hostname

9. Let's explain that our school uses DHCP, so I didn't write about the network. In fact, the default installation process has already configured both wireless and wired networks.

10. Set the password

passwd 

11. Create a common user

In general, the newly created user is assigned to the wheel group, and then the user in the wheel group is assigned a sudo permission. Note that sudo is not installed by default. You must install sudo by yourself.

If you can understand the files/etc/passwd and/etc/group, as well as mongodo, you will be able to know how to modify the permissions of the newly created user and the user group.

12. Install the startup manager.

Grub is usually used, because our computer still has bios, isn't it?

Pacman-s grub-biosgrub-install/dev/SDA # Here it should be SDA. I didn't know how to write it wrong.

If no error reported is displayed. Almost succeeded. Restart.

If you want to install a dual-system, grub usually cannot automatically detect your windows partition. You need to install an OS-prober tool to check the partition and then

grub-mkconfig -o > /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Reboot

15. install necessary software. Refer to the official wiki for details. Let me briefly describe my principles.

Xorg-server Xorg-utils Xorg-xinit Xorg-server-utils Mesa

This is because startx cannot be opened, because there is nothing in X. Usually someone may suggest installing an xterm or something. I don't think it is necessary to install the driver directly. Just install the desktop environment.

Lspci | grep VGA

View your own graphics card, Intel is a xf86-video-intel, NVIDIA is a xf86-video-nouveau (Open Source) or NVIDIA. ATI is a xf86-video-ati (Open Source) or catalyst-dkms (closed source ).

Note the following. You may have heard that your computer is a graphics card of Optimus technology, that is, a so-called dual-graphics card. Here you can choose to ignore it and directly use open-source drivers from Intel and NVIDIA, it has no effect on special effects (personal feeling ). You can also choose the bumblebee solution provided by AUR, which is very troublesome. It is also prone to errors.

16. Choose to install xf86-input-synaptics and other hardware drivers according to your computer. Note that the official wiki says evdev has been installed as an Xorg dependency to support hot swapping, but this is not actually the case. I don't see whether this package is installed, but if you want to mount the NTFS partition and implement read/write, you need two additional packages, udev and ntfs-3g.

17. Install the sound management system ALSA-utils.

18. Install the desktop environment. I chose KDE because it is not suitable for laptops like Win8, but what I don't know is that I didn't see anyone using gnome tablets, so I cannot figure out the purpose of his design.

Pacman-s kdebase kdegraphics-kmix (this is used to show the volume in the lower right corner, otherwise you will be overwhelmed)

19. The installation font will not be mentioned. The official wiki is very detailed. Please install it as needed.

20. If you want to use AUR, You need to download a package-query and youart package from Aur packages for self-compilation and installation. The specific method is as follows: Download the two packages. Enter the directory. Tar zxvf package-query *: Enter the decompressed directory. You are advised to switch to a common user. If you are a common user, the command at this time is

makepkg -s

If you are the root user, the system will reject your execution of this command. You need to add -- asroot before-s.

The same is true for youart installation. After installation, you may be prompted to update the Pacman and accept it.

21. Open the graphic interface. First, simply configure the KDE to enable it, instead of startx,

Systemctl enable KDM

This is the legendary use of systemd. Very nice.

22. Then, write it later. tired, it's time to go to bed.

23, just from the fcitx mail list to know the oxygen-gtk2 and the oxygen-gtk3 of the two packages, installed and re-login can solve the problem caused by KDE and gnome interface inconsistency. Includes Firefox, Thunderbird, and libreoffice.

24. Wireless Internet access can be solved by official means. I have not solved the problem here, but it can be used now. If you use the root user to run WiFi-menu when you need wireless connection, the system will automatically detect the problem. I have not found out what makes it possible for me to connect to wireless devices last night.

25. Some may want to hide the title bar of Firefox. This is actually very easy. You can open Firefox, which is helpful and contains detailed hidden tutorials. Also, if you pay attention to it, you will find that there are several close, maximize, and minimize buttons in custum, which are prepared for the browser after the status bar is hidden.

26. If your fcitx is not available yet, run qtconfig as the root user and find the default input method. It may be xim. Click "fcitx" and select "fcitx" to log on again. It is only possible and cannot be used.

# Is there no perfect thing in the world? It seems that opera is faster than Firefox and chrome. It will immediately show that if the system's Lang is set to the default and English status, fcitx cannot be started, and cannot be started in libreoffice. Okay, I compromise. Just chinese. But even if it is changed to Chinese, the input method in opera can only be displayed in the upper left corner. Is this a bug? Fcitx's official wiki also mentions this kind of thing. It doesn't matter if such a situation occurs, but the bug of the software itself. It is the coordinate of the Input Method sent by the software, and the coordinate of the Input Method acceptance appears in the corresponding position.