Basic Linux Knowledge

1, "/" directory under the main directory (folder), the main role.

Bin is used for some ordinary users.

Sbin is used by some administrator users.

Boot is to put some boot programs, such as: the Kernel and so on.

ETC puts some key configuration files that act like a registry.

Lib64 for storing libraries.

Tmp to put some temporary files.

MNT media is used when mounting points.

Dev put the hardware device.

 Sda 是块设备，是随机访问的，快速寻找到，有缓存作用。 Zero 是字符设备，是按顺序访问。     

Var puts in some variable data.

Home to put your own user data.

SRV to place server data.

Proc virtual folders to map memory data.

Sys is the mapping of hard disk information.

Opt-in third-party software.

PWD View the current directory (folder).

USR put some programs in use.

2, the use of some basic commands.

Ifconfig View Current User IP uname-r view kernel

Cat/etc/centos-release viewing the release version

Cat/proc/meminfo Viewing memory size

Lsbik View block Device condition fdisk view disk partition

System Call:strace to view systems calls

Ltrace View Library call halt Poweroff shutdown

Reboot Restart Reboot-f Force restart Reboot-p power off

Shutdown shutdown BC Computer ntpdate "current host IP" time to synchronize IP hosts

Exit exit rm-f Delete command type to see whether the command is external or internal

Which view command path similar to: Whereis (can also display document information)

Alias View alias Unalias Delete alias history view historical Command

History-c Clear History Command Memory help view Help for external commands

Man view Help for internal commands date view IP host time Clock view hardware disk Time

Touch Create empty File Rename batch rename Mkdic create empty directory

Rmdir   删除空目录    

How to install screen for CENTOS6: rmp-ivh/media/centos_6.9_final/packges/screen-4.0.3-19.et6.x86_64.rpm

The way to centoc7 screen: As with the 6 method, you just need to get rid of the corresponding file on the line.

Some shortcuts to use: Ctrl +l Clear Screen Ctrl + C stop CTRL+Q unlocking ctrl+s lock screen

Ctrl +a back to the beginning

3, the function of some commands with options.

Ls The default current folder, which displays the current file list

-A display of all files (including the band ·)

-A does not show the band ·

-R recursive operation, will display all sub-file directories under the file

-l Display more comprehensive file information, like the alias "LL" function

-R Reverse Display file information

-x Sort by the same suffix

-D Show only folders, do not display files

Touch creates an empty file (if a file was created previously, it refreshes the creation time, does not overwrite, and refreshes all three times).

-A only refreshes Atima CTime

-M only refreshes Mtime CTime

-t specifies the timestamp of the Atime mtime

-C If the file does not exist, it is not created, only the refresh time exists

Cp copy file or directory (external command)

-A replication preserves all properties of the source file (can be used for backup purposes)

-V shows the replication process

-p three time reserved source file

-U only copies files that do not exist on the source than the target new file or destination

–backup=numbered advanced Backup before copying files to avoid accidental overwriting

Mv used to move files and rename (move) (external command)

Rm Delete File

-F Force Delete

-R Recursive effect

Dir Delete Empty Directory

Delete large file method:-L "" large file "so that after the deletion of the rm-f" file "

Readlink can view the original path of the soft connection directly

File to see the type of one (only header information, commonly known as modulus)

-B Displays results only, does not display the original file

-F to specify delimiter

-L view file type for the corresponding soft connection file

-F can judge multiple files in batches

Basic Linux Knowledge