1. About const objects of a class
Const objects can only invoke member functions declared as const, which is also discussed in this CSDN blog .
The reason is because
The const object A calls the non-const function f, f because there is no const constraint to modify the members within the A object, does that violate the original intent of the a declaration const?
Conversely, it is possible to call a const function on a non-const object.
2. Const-based overloading
The member functions of the Const modifier can be described in this Sina blog!
A member function can be overloaded based on whether the member function is const;
A function can be overloaded based on whether a pointer parameter is const.
eg
void Isnumber (const int&);
void Isnumber (int &);
void Isnumber (const int &) const;
3. Other uses of const
You can see this blog post
C + + Primer 12 Chapter Class