C # value type, reference type, value transfer, and reference Transfer

When it comes to parameter passing, the value type and reference type must be clarified:
( For easy expression, I name the content in the heap as a heap object and the content in the stack as a stack object. )
The value type is stored in the stack and accessed directly. If: Int A = 0; int B =; The two stack objects are generated.
The reference type needs to be explicitly allocated in the heap and cannot be accessed directly. You need to allocate a stack object (C ++ is a pointer and C # Is a reference) in the stack to the object in the heap. .
If:
Stringbuilder strb = new stringbuilder ();
Stringbuilder strb2 = strb;
There is only one heap object in the heap, but there are two objects in the stack pointing to objects in the heap.
We can see that:Each variable is a stack object. Whether it is a value type or a reference type, the stack object of the value type is its content, and the stack object of the reference type is only an address pointing to the object in the stack.

Determine whether it is a value type or a reference type:

IntA1 = 10;
Stringbuilder strb1 =NewStringbuilder ("ABC ");

IntA2 = A1;
Stringbuilder strb2 = strb1;

Bool BL1 = Object . Referenceequals (a1, a2 ); // False Is a Value Type ( Because the value type needs to be boxed )
Bool Bl2 = Object . Referenceequals (strb1, strb2 ); // True Is of reference type

Parameter transfer value transfer and reference transfer.
Generally, it is a value transfer when the ref and out parameters are not explicitly specified..

value transfer: the object value is copied. ( that is, the parameter object in the function is a copy of the stack object of the object that is transferred during call. )
reference transfer: the address of the object in the stack. ( that is, the parameter object in the function and the object passed during the call are all objects in the same stack. )
in this example, the value is different from the address:

private void button2_click ( Object sender, system. eventargs e)
{< br> stringbuilder strb1 = New stringbuilder ();
stringbuilder strb2 = New stringbuilder ();
test1 (strb1 );
Test2 ( ref strb2 );
string str1 = strb1.tostring (); // str1 Value : ""
String Str2 = strb2.tostring (); // Str2 Value : "BC"
}

VoidTest1 (stringbuilder strb)
{
// StrbAndStrb1Is an object in two stacks, but points to the same address. This operation is to change the object in the heap.
Strb. append ("");

// Here we will Strb Point to a new heap object. Strb1 The objects in the stack to be directed are irrelevant.
Strb = New Stringbuilder ("B ");
Strb. append ("C ");
}

Void Test2 ( Ref Stringbuilder strb)
{
// Here Strb And Strb2 Is an object in the same stack, so it changes Strb So that it points to another object is also changed Strb2
Strb = New Stringbuilder ("B ");
Strb. append ("C ");
}