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| 1. Product Structure-importance of BOM |
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| BOM (Bill of Material) is called a material list, also called a product structure table or material table.
disassemble raw materials, spare parts, and assembly of the product, each item is recorded in the order of Material Code , product name, specification, unit usage, and loss according to the manufacturing process, is arranged as a list, which is the BOM.
Bom is:
(1) Foundation of MRP.
(2) calculation basis of manufacturing order and dispatching.
(3) it is essentially an engineering document, not only a product specification, but also a basis for the manufacturing process.
(4) basis for calculating product costs.
the importance of BOM and Its Impact scope are large, so its content must be correct and timely at any time. |
| 2. Key points for building a product structure |
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| (1) BOM must display the manufacturing level.
(2) BOM must be clear. BOM must display the manufacturing level ideal Bom, not only should the product composition structure be displayed, but the stages of the product in the manufacturing process be also described. That is, BOM must define products at the manufacturing level. Each layer represents the completion of a specific step in the process, and each inventory item, both the upstream and downstream layers of BOM have the actions of warehouse receiving and warehouse picking. BOM must be clear the unit of a job is critical. A batch of components are independently assembled and are a complete unit that is sent to inventory or the next workstation. Therefore, it is necessary to define a part number. If no item number is defined, MRP cannot generate necessary orders for the component. |
| 3. System File design of product structure |
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Although the product structure has many layers, we only need to maintain the parent and
The product structure of the multi-level relationship can be obtained after the two-level relationship of the sub-item is connected in series. The above is a four-level Bom. You only need to establish a parent-child relationship in the BOM of the ERP system.
Obtain the complete Material Table of product X. As you can see, the Child item of the previous structure becomes the parent item in the next structure.
BOM can be divided into multiple types.
(1) BOM for Production
(2) Sales BOM
(3) BOM for packaging materials;
(4) BOM for customs. |
| 1. Bom for Production |
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In addition to describing the relationship between parent and child items, there are also the following essential fields, which are described as follows:
(1) serial number
Due to different processes or different effective periods or different plug-in locations, there may be many
Sub-item. In this case, the Unit usage cannot be used to indicate that the parent and child items may not be unique, so the same
The parent item is described by unique serial numbers. Item 1 is required because of the nature of the item or the priority of the item sending
These are also achieved by serial numbers. The BOM is displayed in sequence.
(2) unit usage
Indicates the number of sub-items required for each inventory unit parent item.
It is defined in the Code data table.
(3) Base
Indicates the number of parent items. For example, each carton (a material code) can store 100 watches (X ).
Below:
Parent item: x Sn 1 subitem: a unit usage: 1 base: 100
(4) Loss Rate
Some materials cannot be normally used per unit due to machine equipment or assembly reasons.
To meet the production needs, define the percentage of loss.
(5) fixed loss
According to the loss rate, the consumption of different orders is different, the consumption of less orders is also less, the order volume
Large loss is also large, but sometimes even a small number of orders also require a certain amount of loss, this
Some can be defined by fixed loss. That is, no matter how many orders, there must be at least so many damages.
Consumption.
(6) effective date and expiration date
The effective date and expiration date must be specified because of engineering changes or product structures in different periods. If
Always valid, do not specify the expiration date, or specify a very large date, or let the expiration date
= "1900/1/1"
(7) Material sending process number
Each parent item defines a process route in the material code company data table.
At least one or more processes must be defined in the art route data table. Different BOM sub-item may be sent
The same process may also be sent to different processes. This describes the workers to which the sub-item should be issued.
. When creating a manufacturing order to generate material details, if the BOM does not specify the serial number
The first process in the table is used as the sending process.
(8) Status
BOM has three states: To be confirmed, OK, to be confirmed when the new BOM Sub-item is canceled, only confirmation
OK subitem can be used. The subitem to be confirmed or OK can be canceled.
(9) customer supply marks
Indicates the item provided by the customer. This item cost is not taken into account during cost calculation.
(10) Manufacturer
Some materials under the parent item must use a certain brand, and the brand manufacturer is specified here,
For more information about purchasing and distributing materials, see. Even if the manufacturer is different, the new material generation may not be defined.
Code to reduce the material management and reduce the material substitution relationship.
(11) Plug-in location
Specifies the position where the child item is placed on the parent item. For example, if a capacitor is placed on the P11 position on the circuit board, it indicates the plug-in.
The location is P11.
(12) Start batch number
Sometimes, a sub-item in the BOM is used only for the specified batch number, but is invalid in other batch numbers,
You can specify the start and end batches.
Note that batch number control is required only in the following cases:
(1. When the storage period of products or materials is limited;
(2. Do not use batch number control when the product has special requirements or different printing and packaging without adding additional models.
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(13) end batch number
Refer to the start batch number above.
(14) Remarks
It is only used for annotation description. |
| 2. Sales BOM |
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It is also called the sample Bom, Which is a part list. It only describes the parts list of a finished product (model) and the standard unit usage. It has only one layer of structure and does not contain manufacturing information, most of the sub-items are the lowest-layer parts, which may be standard accessories or processed semi-finished products.
However, accessories or semi-finished products are not expanded in the BOM of R & D, so they are treated as parts.
Refer to the sales BOM material standard cost for Product Quotation. |
| 3. Packaging BOM |
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| In some companies, the finished products must be packaged according to the customer's requirements. Therefore, even for the same model, different Orders and batch numbers require different packaging materials and different packaging processes.
if you place this part in the BOM for production, you need to generate a lot of finished material code. Therefore, separating this part, using the same finished material code, with different customers, orders, batch number signs, can reduce a lot of finished material code.
This is not necessary. If the packaging changes little or there are not many models, you can add the packaging materials to the BOM for production. The structure of the packaging material Bom is roughly the same as that of the production Bom. the following fields are added:
(1) Customer Code
if specified, the sub-item can only be used by specified customers, if not specified, all customers can use this subitem
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(2) Order Code
if specified, the subitem can only be used as the specified order code. If not specified, all orders
can be used as this subitem.
(3) Batch number
if specified, the subitem can only be used on the specified batch number. If not specified,
this subitem |
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