Detailed configuration of apache + tomcat clusters in linux

 

Environment:

Operating System: CentOS 5.1

Apache2.X server: IP address 192.168.232.4; installation path:/usr/local/apache;

Tomcat6 server: IP address 192.168.232.5; installation path:/usr/local/tomcat;

Tomcat6 server: IP address 192.168.232.6; installation path:/usr/local/tomcat;

 

Configuration:

Apache installation:

#. /Configure -- prefix =/usr/local/apache -- enable-modules = so -- enable-mods-shared = all -- enable-proxy-connect -- enable-proxy- ftp -- enable-proxy-http -- enable-proxy-ajp -- enable-proxy-balancer -- enable-rewrite

Note: enable-proxy, enable-proxy-http, enable-proxy-connect, enable-proxy-ajp, and enable-proxy-balancer are required to activate the tomcat cluster, the proxy-ajp and proxy-balancer must depend on the proxy. For custom compilation, mod_status must be compiled in addition to the preceding modules. Enable-proxy-ftp can not be compiled.

# Make; make install

 

Create an Apache startup Item:

# Cp support/apachectl/etc/rc. d/init. d/httpd

# Vi/etc/rc. d/init. d/httpd

Add the following content: (including)

# Startup script for the Apache Web Server

# Chkconfig: 2345 85 15

# Description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to server

# HTML files and CGI.

# Processname: httpd

# Pidfile:/usr/local/apache/log/httpd. pid

# Config:/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd. conf

Add service items

# Chkconfig -- add httpd

# Chmod 755/etc/rc. d/init. d/httpd

# Chkconfig -- level 345 httpd on

 

JDK installation:

# Chmod a + x jdk-6u4-linux-i586-rpm.bin

#./Jdk-6u4-linux-i586-rpm.bin

 

JAVA environment variable settings:

# Vi/etc/profile

Add the following content at the end of the file:

JAVA_HOME =/usr/java/jdk1.6.0 _ 04

CLASSPATH =.: $ JAVA_HOME/lib/tools. jar: $ JAVA_HOME/lib/dt. jar

PATH = $ JAVA_HOME/bin: $ PATH

CATALINA_HOME =/usr/local/tomcat

Export JAVA_HOME classpath path CATALINA_HOME

Run the following command to make the environment variable take effect:

Source/etc/profile

Test whether the configuration is successful:

Java-version

 

Tomcat installation:

# Wget [url] URLs

# Tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.16.tar.gz

# Mv apache-tomcat-6.0.16/usr/local/tomcat

 

Tomcat random start:

# Vi/etc/rc. local

Add the following content:

/Usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup. sh

 

Tomcat6 configuration file server. xml:

Set

<! -- You shoshould set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie:

<Engine name = "Standalone" defaultHost = "localhost" jvmRoute = "jvm1">

-->

<Engine name = "Catalina" defaultHost = "localhost">

Change

 

<! -- You shoshould set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie:

-->

<Engine name = "Standalone" defaultHost = "localhost" jvmRoute = "tomcatX">

<! --

<Engine name = "Catalina" defaultHost = "localhost">

-->

Note:

For the first tomcat server, set jvmRoute = "cmdat1"

The second tomcat server sets jvmRoute = "tomcat2"

 

Set

<! --

<Cluster className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. tcp. SimpleTcpCluster"/>

-->

Change the comment

<Cluster className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. tcp. SimpleTcpCluster"/>

* ** Detailed cluster configuration ***

<Cluster className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. tcp. SimpleTcpCluster"

ChannelSendOptions = "8">

 

<Manager className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. session. DeltaManager"

ExpireSessionsOnShutdown = "false"

NotifyListenersOnReplication = "true"/>

 

<Channel className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. group. GroupChannel">

<Membership className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. membership. McastService"

Address = "228.0.0.4"

Port = "45564"

Frequency = "500"

DropTime = "3000" type = "codeph" text = "codeph"/>

<Cycler className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. transport. nio. NioReceiver"

Address = "auto"

Port = "4000"

AutoBind = "100"

SelectorTimeout = "5000"

MaxThreads = "6"/>

 

<Sender className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. transport. ReplicationTransmitter">

<Transport className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. transport. nio. PooledParallelSender"/>

</Sender>

<Interceptor className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. group. interceptors. TcpFailureDetector"/>

<Interceptor className = "org. apache. catalina. tribes. group. interceptors. MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>

</Channel>

 

<Valve className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. tcp. ReplicationValve"

Filter = ""/>

<Valve className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. session. JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

 

<Deployer className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. deploy. FarmWarDeployer"

TempDir = "/tmp/war-temp /"

DeployDir = "/tmp/war-deploy /"

WatchDir = "/tmp/war-listen /"

WatchEnabled = "false"/>

 

<ClusterListener className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. session. JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>

<ClusterListener className = "org. apache. catalina. ha. session. ClusterSessionListener"/>

</Cluster>

 

Configure the web. xml of the application:

In each webapps, modify the configuration file web. xml file to add elements <distributable/>

Add the following content to the <web-app> element of the web. xml file:

<! -- This application will copy the Session with the cluster server -->

<Distributable/>

The specific modification is as follows:

Before modification:

<? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "ISO-8859-1"?>

<Web-app xmlns = "[url] http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee#/url]"

Xmlns: xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

Xsi: schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url] http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd#/url]"

Version = "2.5">

</Web-app>

After modification:

<? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "ISO-8859-1"?>

<Web-app xmlns = "[url] http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee#/url]"

Xmlns: xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

Xsi: schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url] http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd#/url]"

Version = "2.5">

<! -- This application will copy the Session with the cluster server -->

<Distributable/>

</Web-app> www.2cto.com

Configure the ajp Server Load balancer function of apache:

Make sure that the comment of the following Module is removed

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so

LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so

LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so

LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so

LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so

Add the following content:

# Proxypass Config

Include conf/extra/httpd-modproxy.conf

Create File httpd-modproxy.conf input content:

<Location/server-status>

SetHandler server-status

Order Deny, Allow

Deny from all

Allow from all

</Location>

<Location/balancer-manager>

SetHandler balancer-manager

Order Deny, Allow

Deny from all

Allow from all

</Location>

ProxyRequests Off

ProxyPass/balancer: // tomcatcluster stickysession = jsessionid nofailover = On

 

<Proxy balancer: // tomcatcluster>

BalancerMember [url] http: // 192.168.232.5: 8080 [/url] loadfactor = 1

BalancerMember [url] http: // 192.168.232.6: 8080 [/url] loadfactor = 2

</Proxy>

Note:

ProxyRequests Off indicates that reverse proxy is enabled and must be enabled;

ProxyPass is the proxy forwarding Url, which forwards all access/requests to the cluster balancer: // tomcatcluster. Here, all access/requests are forwarded to the cluster balancer: // The/test directory of tomcatcluster;

BalancerMember is a member of the cluster, that is, the Cluster Server 1 or 2. The Server Load balancer will forward requests to BalancerMember according to the balancing rules;

 

Debug the Server Load balancer cluster system:

Access the apache server's web Service: [url] http: // 192.168.232.4/balancer-manager [/url]

If the server Load balancer information is displayed, it indicates that the Server Load balancer is successful. You can access the tomcat application by visiting [url] http: // 192.168.232.4/[/url ].

* ** You must first start the Tomcat service and then start the Apache service! ***

 

Reference:

Http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/cluster-howto.html

Http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/balancer-howto.html

Http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/ApacheMenual_CN_2.2new/mod/mod_proxy.html

Http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/ApacheMenual_CN_2.2new/mod/mod_proxy_balancer.html