10 minutes to understand the entire process of software development

Nowadays, the demand in the software industry is still quite large. In addition to the low employment rate of many other majors, many non-computer professionals will join the software development army through simple training or self-study, this is also true for myself. I believe that many of my colleagues who are engaged in software development are not familiar with the whole process of software development. They will basically implement the program based on the outline design. I am also working to improve myself by systematically studying computer expertise. Of course, if you just want to have a meal, you only need to know how to compile the program according to the outline design. If you want to develop in the long term in this industry (it is not necessary to write code in the long term), you must learn the basic knowledge of computer science. If you want to be a manager, you should spend ten minutes to understand the entire process of software development. This article describes several stages of the software development process around "what to do". As for the specific stages, "how to do" and "how to do" still have some depth, you can refer to the book system for software development and management.

A set of software can be divided into five stages: system planning, system analysis, system design, system implementation, and system evaluation, from requirement submission to implementation and delivery to user use. Relevant documents, such as feasibility study report, system analysis report, system design report, system test report, and user manual, will be output at these stages. Each output document is related. For example, system design requires system analysis as the basis, system implementation requires system design reports as the basis, and system design reports are the bridge between programmers and users.

 

System development methods structured development methods

The so-called structured method means that a fixed structure and process can be followed throughout the development process. The structured method was proposed in 1970s Based on the waterfall model and is one of the most mature and widely used system development methods. It is a collective term for "Structured Analysis" and "structured design. Structured analysis emphasizes the "top-down, from coarse to fine, and gradually refine" analysis method. The Structural Design emphasizes "A module structure with large intra-block connections and small inter-block connections (low coupling and high cohesion), which is relatively independent and has a single function ". The structured development method process 1 is shown in.

 

Prototype Development Method

In software system development, a prototype is used to represent an early runnable version of the system. It reflects some important functions and features of the new system. The idea is to quickly develop a prototype for a new system after obtaining a set of basic user requirements. Users, developers, and other related personnel are trying out the prototype, strengthen communication and feedback, and gradually determine the details of various requirements by repeatedly evaluating and modifying the prototype system, so as to adapt to the changes in requirements, and ultimately improve the quality of the new system. 2. Prototype Development Method.

 

Object-Oriented development method

The object-oriented development method is a system development method based on the object-oriented concept. It applies the object-oriented idea to the software development process and guides the development activities, including the object-oriented analysis method, the object-oriented design method, and the object-oriented programming method. The object-oriented model system can establish the entire problem space according to people's common ways of thinking. Object-oriented concepts include objects, classes and instances, messages and methods, inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism, and overloading.

Comparison of Three Development Methods

Structured Method	Suitable for the development of large and complex systems
Prototype Method	Suitable for small systems with unclear requirements
Object-oriented Method	Suitable for modeling complex and dynamic systems

 

System Planning Purpose

System Planning is the first stage in the life cycle of the system and the first step in the system development process. system planning is to clarify the system's "what" problem, that is, to carry out top-level design, describe the system architecture and put forward complete, accurate, clear, and specific requirements for the target system.

Procedure

 

System Planning Method

Key success factor: the key success factor is the key factor that instructs the Organization to achieve the goal. The key success factor is the key factor for analyzing the success of the enterprise, identify the company's main information requirements and planning methods for relevant work based on key factors.

Enterprise System Planning: enterprise system planning is a structured method for System Planning Based on enterprise goals.

Purpose of System Analysis

The purpose of system analysis is to define user requirements and lay a good foundation for successful system design. At this stage, the system analyst investigates and analyzes the enterprise management business, cleans up the business processes and management modes of the original system, and finds out the problems and deficiencies, the system is improved and improved from the perspective of functions and data analysis. The data flow diagram, data dictionary, and processing logic expressions are used to define the logic model solution of the new system. The essence of system analysis is to answer the "what to do" Question of the future system by observing the description and analysis of the existing system.

 

Thinking logic of System Analysis

 
 

 

Steps for System Analysis

 

System design purpose

The purpose of the system design is to establish a physical model based on the logic model of the new system generated in the system analysis phase, design a solution that can be implemented in the computer network environment. System design solves the problem of "how to do it. System design mainly generates system design reports.

Division of system design

 

System implementation

System implementation is the development work done by our programmers, testing work by testers, and so on.

Purpose

System implementation is a later stage of system development. Its purpose is to convert the audited system design specification into a system that can actually run and deliver it to the user a system that can actually run, it is a system implementation process. The quality of system implementation is directly related to the success or failure of the system.

Basic steps of system implementation

 

System Evaluation Project Evaluation

Project Initiation evaluation mainly refers to the feasibility study of the system. In view of the user's needs, the project initiation is evaluated based on the economic, technical, and social aspects of the resources.

Interim Evaluation

Interim evaluation refers to periodic evaluation. During system development, the development results are evaluated. Or medium-term evaluation is required in case of major issues.

Closing Evaluation

Completion evaluation refers to the comprehensive evaluation of the system after the system is officially put into operation.

 

System Maintenance

System maintenance is the maintenance after the software is put into operation. The system maintenance includes hardware maintenance, software maintenance, data file maintenance, and product code maintenance.

 

10 minutes to understand the entire process of software development