Cloud computing technical principles

Since cloud computing is divided into three types: IAAs, paas, and SaaS, different manufacturers provide different solutions. At present, there is no unified technical architecture, understanding the principles of cloud computing constitutes an obstacle for readers. To this end, this article combines the solutions of different manufacturers and constructs a cloud computing architecture for discussion. As shown in architecture 3, it summarizes the main features of different solutions. Each solution may only implement some of the features, and perhaps some of the secondary features are not yet summarized.

Figure 3 architecture of cloud computing technology

The architecture of cloud computing technology is divided into four layers: physical resource layer, resource pool layer, management middleware layer, and SOA build layer, as shown in figure 3. The physical resource layer includes computers, storage devices, network facilities, databases, and software. The resource pool layer forms a large number of resources of the same type into homogeneous or homogeneous resource pools, such as computing resource pool and data resource pool. The establishment of resource pools is more about the integration and management of physical resources, such as studying how to install 2000 servers in a standard container space, solving the problem of heat dissipation and replacing faulty nodes, and reducing energy consumption; management middleware manages cloud computing resources and schedules many application tasks so that resources can efficiently and securely provide services to applications; the SOA build layer encapsulates cloud computing capabilities into standard Web Services and incorporates them into the SOA system for management and use, including service registration, search, access, and service workflow construction. The management middleware and resource pool layer are the most critical parts of cloud computing technology. The functions of the SOA build layer are provided by external facilities.

The management middleware of cloud computing is responsible for resource management, task management, user management, and security management. Resource management is responsible for balanced use of cloud Resource Nodes, detection of node faults and attempt to recover or shield them, and monitoring statistics on resource usage; task Management is responsible for executing tasks submitted by users or applications, including deploying and managing user task images, task scheduling, task execution, and task life cycle management; user management is an essential part of implementing the cloud computing business model, this includes providing user interaction interfaces, managing and identifying user identities, creating user program execution environments, and charging user usage. Security Management ensures the overall security of cloud computing facilities, including identity authentication, access authorization, comprehensive protection, and security audit.

Based on the above architecture, this article takes IAAs cloud computing as an example to briefly describe the implementation mechanism of cloud computing, as shown in figure 4.

 

Figure 4 Simplified IAAs Implementation Mechanism

User interaction interfaces provide access interfaces to obtain user requirements in Web Services Mode. A Service Catalog is a list of services that users can access. The system management module manages and allocates all available resources. Its core is Server Load balancer. The Configuration tool prepares the task running environment on the assigned node. The monitoring statistics module is responsible for monitoring the running status of nodes and collecting statistics on user node usage. The execution process is not complex: the user interaction interface allows the user to select and call a service from the directory. After the request is sent to the system management module, it allocates the appropriate resources to the user, and then calls the configuration tool to prepare the running environment for the user.

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