Go Language Learning Notes-chapter II GO Programming Environment (1)

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Chapter II Go Programming Environment

Gois an open source project that usesBSD Licensing Agreement . There are currently two ways to useGolanguage. Here are the main ways to useGoSpecial-PurposegcSeries Tools (6g,8g, etc.). The other optional compiler is based on theGCCback end of gccgocompiler. About thegccgodetails of the clear reference Install and use the gccgo compiler . GoIt's not yet.IDEdevelopment tools, you can write code only with Notepad,Vi,Emacsand other text editors.

2.1 Go the installation

2.1.1 Go Operating Platform

Go currently supports three types of two operating systems CPU instruction set. Linux and Mac platforms can be common, but the ARM target code cannot be run on OS X the system.

The following are the differences between compiled target code for different CPU instruction sets:

amd64(a.k.a. x86-64 );6g,6l,6c,6a

The most mature implementation of the present. The compiler is well tuned to produce better target code (though sometimes gccgo might do better).

386 (a.k.a. x86 or X86-32); 8g,8l,8c,8a

Although not as mature as the amd64 platform, it has been very stable.

arm(a.k.a. ARM );5g,5l,5c,5a

There are still some problems that are still being perfected. Important for QEMU and android mobile environment testing.

on all platforms, there are some differences in the operating system Excuses section, and the run-Library support forGo is the same. Contains garbage memory recovery support based on the mark-and-sweep algorithm (), efficient arrays, strings, and slices, as well as independent stack support and Goroutine implementations.

Now there are enthusiasts porting it to the Windows platform, if you want to run Go on the Window platform, from http://code.google.com/p/ Download the gomingw/website to the binary release version.

2.1.2 Download Go

Go Use the Mercurial version Management system to manage the code. If you do not have Mercurial, you can download it from the Mercurial official website (http://mercurial.selenic.com/) .

Linux under platform, install with the following command:

$ sudo easy_install Mercurial

Window can be used under the platform Tortoisehg .

Make sure that GOROOT there is no or empty directory. Then check out the code from the warehouse:

$ HG Clone-r Release Https://go.googlecode.com/hg/GOROOT

2.1.3 Setting environment variables

Go The compiler requires three required environment variables and an optional environment variable. Environment variables are .bashrc set in or in other configuration files.

$GOROOT

Go the root directory of the installation package. It is usually put on $HOME/go , and of course it can be another location.

$GOOS and and$GOARCH

These two environment variables represent the target The code's operating system and cpu type. $GOOS options are linux , freebsd , darwin (Mac OS X 10.5 or 10.6) and NaCl (Chrome interface, not yet completed. $GOARCH options are amd64 (64-bit x86 , currently the most mature , 386 (32-bitx86) , and arm (32-bit arm , not yet completed . The following are possible combinations of $GOOS and $GOARCH :

$GOOS

TD style= "WIDTH:75PT; padding:0cm, "width=", ">

	$GOARCH
	darwin	386
	darwin	amd64
	freebsd	386
	freebsd	amd64
	linux	386
	linux	amd64
	linux	arm
	Nacl	386

$GOBIN(optional) (optional)

Indicates the binary directory used to store go . If the environment variable is not set $GOBIN , it is installed by default $HOME/bin . If you set this variable, you need to make sure $PATH that the variable also contains the path so that the compiler can find the correct execution file.

It should be noted that the $GOARCH $GOOS environment variable represents the target code runtime environment and is irrelevant to the platform currently in use. This is convenient for cross-compiling.

.bashrcset the following environment variables in the file :

Export goroot= $HOME/go

Export GOARCH=AMD64

Export Goos=linux

Use the following command to detect the environment variable again.

$ env | grep ' ^go '

Window environment variable setting under platform

Goroot=c:/go

Goarch=386

Goos=windows

Gobin=%goroot%/bin

path=%path%;%gobin%/;

Note : Gomingw 2010-05-04 the previous version of the GOOS variable should be set to MinGW

2.1.4 Installation

Go tool chain is written in C language. So to compile the go tool, you need to now install GCC,C Standard library,Bison Analyzer, and make,awk , and Ed and other development tools. For OS X Systems, they can be used as a plug-in for Xcode . For Linux Systems, you can install them with the following command:

$ sudo apt-get install bison gcc libc6-dev ed gawk make

(if it is a different Linux version, you can install it with a similar command).

Run the following command to build Go :

$ cd $GOROOT/SRC

$./all.bash

When the compilation is complete, the following information is printed at the end.

---CD. /test

N known bugs; 0 Unexpected bugs

Windows platform, you can download the binary from the gomingw website (http://code.google.com/p/gomingw/) , extract to the specified directory, and set the environment variables to run.