Knowledge management methodology of a technician

To be honest, I hate the title of such a bandit and hope the content won't disappoint you.

 

 

This article first originated from a series of ideas on problem solving methodology, from the general principle of solving the problem to exploring how to make the solution dependent on knowledge accumulation and thinking tools instead of occasional inspiration. in this way, the focus is gradually evolving from solving problems to building a personal knowledge system and managing knowledge.

 

Solution in 2009: mentality Principles and Methods

[Think] solution II in 2012

Practical thinking and Study of Reading Notes in 2012

 

The knowledge management methodology solves the problem of efficiency and effectiveness. In fact, when there is no methodology, enough attention and effort are also acceptable. Xu sanduo is a typical representative of this field, he has almost no technical method. He relies solely on perseverance and hard work. This "silly" is named "Blunt ". the methodology does not mean being able to "Empty glove White Wolf". Its starting point is not a opportunistic mentality, but an optimal solution combination found out during the self-adjustment process; in this way, the personal knowledge management methodology has two characteristics:

[1] Not so universal, at least not anyone can take it all.

[2] methodology is dynamic and will evolve according to individual situations

The key to the methodology of personal knowledge management lies in its effectiveness. Therefore, in the process of continuous evolution, some invalid behaviors will be identified and removed. For example, I never use a browser to add to favorites, I will not hoard e-books either, because I have found that almost none of my favorite articles will be read again. The Hood e-books will be read in one or two ways. For me, these two things are effective in the following ways: there is a "to be read" list in Evernote, And I will gradually digest the articles in it; I will store the books to be read in the Kindle. the following figure shows an overview of my knowledge management methodology:

Objectives and roadmap

Many people would rather fall into details than think about themselves.TargetWhat is it, avoiding the initial goal setting stage. many books on time management techniques start with how to operate them. The key is not the technique, but the goal. If there is no goal, or you have not figured out the goal, so what is the time spent fighting for with various techniques?

 

Similarly, knowledge management should begin with goal setting and determine the meaning of the task and the extent to which it is done. Otherwise, you have invested a lot of energy in one field, do you get what you want? Have you achieved the expected results? No answer! "But do a good job, do not ask the future", "if you want to take the lead, what do you want to do?" These two attitudes are not bad, but they are not good;

 

If you set a goal, you will have a destination. How can you complete this journey from your current location to your destination? This isRoad Map;

When we read a book, we had a directory. The directory is actually a roadmap of a book. It is learned to make good use of the Directory during reading. For more information, see

 

A ship without a destination does not deviate from the channel.

 

Input

There are many input methods, or too many input methods. In the case of information bombing, obtaining high-quality information is a required skill. RSS and directmail are my most common information acquisition methods; so far, I still reject Weibo. I have discovered that as long as it is important information, there will be other channels without Weibo, and the cost of obtaining information on Weibo is too high, super fragmented and unrelated information, it is difficult to concentrate, so after playing Weibo for a while, you will never quit. Similarly, the characteristics of social networks in information acquisition are that people you pay attention to get the information. Once you understand this, you do not have to stick to Weibo. You can use RSS to complete this process; I have two completely different uses for Douban. On the one hand, I maintained an Erlang news site, and on the other hand, I paid attention to a bunch of people related to movies and music; because the time series of Douban station and personal homepage are clearly different in product form, it is easy to switch between the two States. another point should be emphasized: as a mature person, you must be aware that your behaviors on social media do not make much sense to others;

  Input water 

When I read a technical book, I would predict how I would inject water into words if I wrote this book. When I started reading this book, I would consciously skip the water injection part. for example, the method for injecting redis books into water is to talk about how to install them in a large space. If there is no operation point, the installation output will be printed out, and a bunch of commands will be listed and explained one by one; let's talk about the big data book. Let's talk about the big data development status, prospects, and prospects... in the organization of books and information, this kind of information is understandable and logical, but do you want to get it from the book?

  High-intensity input process 

I have to admit that information may be lost during the input process. Therefore, there are some high-intensity methods to minimize the loss of information input, such as the comments version of open-source project code, coding by hand, translating articles, and drawing flowcharts for the Code are not easy. For example, you can try translating an article and read a technical article and a Text Translation by Cinda, the investment may be much less effort. many people cannot understand this kind of behavior, and think it is hard to understand. I explained this as follows: "as a technician, I found a good project, hate cannot compile itself into the code ".

  Extract the value of each inputI use every input as a "clue". When I buy a good book, I will also take a look at this author's other works. When I find a piece of information, I will take a look at this website. If it is a platform, I will register it. If it is a blog, I will subscribe to RSS to see who the blog master is interested in. If it is a Chinese author, check if they have any doubanid. The books you read may be a good reading clue. Your own error is the best input.I used to joke that "when I was a child who covered a lot of wrong papers, when I grew up, I would habitually catch all exceptions and not handle them." My own mistakes are the best input, this is either a blind spot in knowledge or a defect in thinking. These errors really include more information than those that have done well. in the face of the wrong feeling of frustration and regret, it does not help. There is no constructive nature. "Those who do not allow others can still follow this principle. the first time I saw this idiom, I really admire it: "The post-HanShu Guo taichuan": "The customer lives in Taiyuan, and the Netherlands, regardless of the land. Lin Zheng asked his mind, saying, "the hacker has been broken, and what is the benefit. 'Internalization is to have our own opinions and understanding; "our own opinions". This is a rare thing for us. We have been instilled in many standardized things, my views are greatly weakened; Internalization is to describe something in the form of words in my own way of thinking, one of the more interesting examples is that Wang Shuo translated the <Diamond Sutra> and <liuzutan Sutra> in the Beijing dialect. internalization is not simple to remember. The knowledge needs/worth remembering part is limited. You can remove rtfm from the brain to keep the part worth thinking in the brain. Put a book or a piece of information in front of you, there is no need to accept the information according to the existing structure, and the information structure can be reconstructed. There is only one standard for This refactoring: it is easy to understand. Multiple perspectives 

Observing things from multiple perspectives can gain a deeper impression and better understanding. If there is only one perspective to observe things, then the view of things must be one-sided; learning the same kind of knowledge also requires multiple angles. If it is just one angle, the problem cannot be solved in the end. For example, we record various documents related to TCP/IP, but do not know the problems and phenomena corresponding to these parameters in reality. This is a typical lack of dimensions, it is only suitable for exams rather than your skills;

Relational databases are actually an abstraction of the real world. Different abstraction methods are implemented in the design of different data tables and different data fields. When we come into contact with a new knowledge, books give us only a piece of knowledge, an abstraction. To avoid the embarrassment of blind people, we need to know the same thing from multiple perspectives.

A variety of perspectives are actually breakthroughs in book knowledge, because books generally only provide one or two perspectives for interpreting, analyzing and deconstruct knowledge from multiple perspectives, and gaining "your own views ". in other words, when you understand a knowledge from multiple perspectives, the process of knowledge internalization is actually completed. if you only know one thing in one way, you will not really understand it. in our education, a very abnormal concept is "standard answer", a more abnormal is "standard process", and the former is just the correct answer, the latter also requires the process to be correct. the case of cross-cutting apple is actually a wonderful scene when things start from different perspectives.

 

 

 

In the high school era, a student with powerful computing power did not use mathematical induction when he threw sandbags to the opposite side of the physical examination and threw several cars to stop, but 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 .... in this way, the answer is obtained when the number is calculated to 21st. This is a very deep impression, and the mathematical induction may not really understand the rationality of the solution, the student used a method he understood and was good at solving the problem, which is worth pondering.

 

How can we find multiple perspectives?Here is a tool called "question"For example, we have encountered a new thing: redis, after understanding the basic situation, we can raise a bunch of questions:

• What is the difference between redis and memcached? What are the essential differences?
• What is the performance of redis? What is the comparison with memcache?
• What should I pay attention to when installing and deploying redis?
• What are the "best practices" for redis data structures in actual business scenarios "?
• How is redis classified in the nosql system? Why?
• What are the advantages of redis bitmap? How have these problems been solved before?
• Redis simulated queue and rabbitmq queue
• ........

There are too many questions that can be raised here, and even some questions need to be answered in the code. the ability to raise questions actually emphasizes "initiative" and discover the questions through active thinking, rather than passive indoctrination. At the beginning, when multiple perspectives are opened through questions, the effect may be very poor, the main reason is that the question is too watery. As long as you practice more, especially for a type of things, you can repeatedly practice things that encounter the same type of things. Basically, conditioned reflection can raise high quality questions.

  Reusable view (thinking model) 

For the same type of things, the questions we raised are often similar. For example, the website system considers page caching, static dynamic resource separation, and Seo optimization; in the case of database solutions, the usage of business data, data growth, and transaction requirements will be taken into account; in the case of interface calls, security issues and trust issues will be considered; these perspectives that can be reused for the same type of things can be solidified as a thinking model, saving you from thinking about each time, the model is constantly adjusted and optimized during continuous use;

 

What is hard to understand so far is political and political questions. You cannot answer this course in your own language and need to answer it according to the standard description in the book, because the teacher wants to calculate the score, the sticky standard Discourse Mode is effective in the case of Rapid volume determination.

 

Systemization

Systemization is actually to establish the connection between knowledge points and not to isolate them. To put them into your knowledge system, you can say "The best way to prevent a drop of water from evaporation is to put them into the sea ". systematic knowledge is not easy to forget. Even if you forget it, you can easily pick up all the relevant things. How can you systematize it? Here, my commonly used tools are:

 

[1] "Drawing"

[2] "Telling Stories"

 

DrawingThere are two ways: one is to draw pictures directly with paper and pen, and the other is a mind map tool, the Mind Map tool has been used for many years and I started to use mind map when I had no access to my computer. This is also the most surprising software that has given me access to my computer. knowledge does not need to be forgotten for a long time, so we don't need to worry about it. What we can do is to leave enough "clues" or indexes. If we need to have enough clues to wake up, we will be OK, since the graphical content is intuitive and concise, it is organized according to your own ideas. It is really fast to enter again. when I used storm again in the project this year, I found the Mind Map and notes at that time, and I felt like loading hot data instantly.

 

StorytellingThis is also a commonly used method. In the <to daughter book>, Wang Shuo told stories about the history of mankind and the history of his family, there are also articles that use interesting things in a language design process to link up the evolution of language. These are good methods to make boring knowledge interesting and systematize isolated knowledge. <Sophie's world> <God throw the dice?> They are all examples of this;

 

Another way to tell a story isInterdisciplinary storytellingThe biology teacher in high school was a good expert in this field. He often said, "In the vast grassland, animals have just passed through the cold winter, A killing between survivors is about to begin. Students think about the food chain? Today we are going to talk about the food chain... "" Li Bai douliquor poetry hundred articles. What changes have taken place in liquor through the gastrointestinal tract? ". In this way, the teacher, who never lectures in Mandarin, left countless conversations with the students. Our biology scores were quite good;

 

I have also tried similar analogy and found that this method is effective at the beginning, and it will slowly lead me down the road. The reason is very simple. Since it is objective, two completely different things, metaphor and analogy can only be performed to a certain extent, but a poor degree of ownership may affect understanding. currently, I am still trying to use the theory of Network Technology (ITIL), but it is hard to explain how it works. The proven method is to draw pictures and tell stories.

In our education, especially in the face of exams, we particularly emphasize "knowledge points" and "Key Points". Scattered knowledge points cannot withstand the test of time, fortunately, through repeated exercises in the school, we can combat this memory decline. when we get out of campus and start to use our knowledge at work, are there any important points? As long as you solve the problem, it is important. Key? Knowledge depth and breadthThe key point is a very utilitarian concept, which is to talk about the exam. The implicit meaning is that there is a high ROI. however, the problems encountered in actual work are not produced by the XX proposition team. What are the points. when talking to Liang about this problem, we roughly divided our knowledge into the following:

1. If you have mastered the knowledge, the problem to be solved is to resist forgetting.
2. Think that you have mastered but not actually mastered the knowledge, once encountered problems can be found, make up for it in time
3. It's easy to know what you don't know. Just be aware of the short board and make up for it.
4. I don't know what I don't know. This is the most terrible and often leads to wrong attribution.

Pay special attention to the last point. For example, we have been using it for a long time to solve a technical problem. On the surface, we have been using it for a long time to locate the problem. The underlying reason may be that we are operating the system, I do not have a solid grasp of network knowledge, so I cannot quickly locate or exclude a certain option. So I often joke with my friends that basic knowledge is usually useless, when used, you cannot grasp the topic or even realize the problems caused by the lack of basic knowledge. The basic knowledge here is not limited to the computer field.

Establish a connection between knowledge points. from a point of view, you can either work in depth or in breadth. You can also explore the principles, mechanisms, and ideas in depth. You can also view applications and practices in breadth; depth and breadth affect each other, which also gives us the opportunity to adjust our strategy: after a period of in-depth research, we can see what is at the application layer, and vice versa.

 

Pay attention to stop loss

 

Whether it is deep exploration or wide exploration, we may invest a lot of energy at some point, but we have little to gain, the ROI is very low, and the marginal benefits are declining. At this time, we need to remind ourselves to stop and jump out at the right time; after a while, you may have a new understanding. You can proceed. in fact, this is an effective way to avoid alley thinking. for example, when I was studying an open-source project, I thought about why it was designed for two days. I gave myself the deadline of two days, then I put this thing on hold, and then I saw the design explanation when I looked at the document.

Output

To master the knowledge, you must have an output thinking. The output method can be practice in the project. It can be clear to yourself or others, or an article or a diagram, however, no matter how it works, there must be outputs. In the Information blocking age, the situation of ELE. Me and the Church's apprentice starved to death coexist, but the network breaks this situation, and only sharing and speculation can keep the knowledge fresh. many of my hometown's villages are made of bean curd, but only one of them has learned how to make "bean curd" from the South. Every time they are made, the door is closed, and people are not missing a word; later, I came into contact with the Internet and found this among the top 10 questions I searched for in search engines. The key was to collect water and maintain a warm oil. Look, this knowledge barrier is easily broken in the Internet era;

The simplest form of output is to give it to yourself. If you think you have mastered it, you can really master it when you try to tell it out? It is a great task to output the information to colleagues. Since it takes up time for others, if the information you provide is messy and there is no good news, to be responsible to the audience, we must ensure the quality of the content to be shared. It is always good to output a blog article as long as it does not involve confidential content. liu weipeng wrote an article about why you should (from now on) write a blog. Blog is also a good way to output data. For more information about the benefits, see the original article.

Output thinking: on the one hand, it forces us to recognize with active and "practical" standards, on the other hand, it is adjusted through external feedback, and if there is no output, we will learn, there is no way to check whether you really understand it. What is the significance? The salvation of PMP

 

What if the structure of the knowledge to be learned is too complex? PMP!

In 2008, I started to learn PMP courses by myself. Then, a very difficult situation emerged: I opened PMP materials and read it with relish, but I lost all my interest when I thought of the exam. later, I vowed not to take the initiative to send myself to the test room, but to learn more than just for the test. PMP's learning is completely out of curiosity and willingness. It has formed a habit of project-based dismantling and operation methods of complex things through long-term influence. now, for complex tasks or difficult technical PR, I will perform task dismantling, risk assessment, and milestone settings on the PMP path. it seems complicated, with doit. tools such as Im are actually very easy to operate.

Thank you for reading the full text and hope you have something useful! Happy New Year!
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Knowledge management methodology of a technician