Optimization of Mobile IPv6 switching mechanism

Mobile IPv6 failover is a technology inherent in Mobile IPv6, but it is sometimes not suitable for supporting some real-time applications. To reduce the switching delay and packet loss rate, we need to study the switchover. In addition to the basic switchover process of Mobile IPv6, there are other signaling processes and optimization methods.

The perfect switch is seamless switch, including fast switch and smooth switch. Fast Switching means low latency, while smooth switching means low packet loss rate.

Quick Switch

Fast switchover is a mobile IPv6 switchover operation that reduces or eliminates the delay of creating a new communication path for a mobile node. Smooth switching reduces the packet loss rate. Seamless switching is a combination of the two, namely, low latency and Low Loss Rate.

Generally, based on the Control classification, the switchover can be divided into two types: network control and mobile node control. During network control switching, the Network Element in the service domain determines the connection point of a mobile node. An entity guides you to establish a connection with a mobile node. During the switchover of the mobile node control, the mobile node determines the new connection point and establishes a connection at the new connection point.

Now, some draft Internet Files introduce different mobile IPv6 switching methods. [ES00] is about fast switching, including predicting the movement of mobile nodes and sending multiple copies of data packets to areas where mobile nodes may move. This draft considers both common and Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 models. In [SCMB00], the mobility management model of layered Mobile IPv6 has improved the switching of Mobile IP addresses, providing the mobile anchor MAP function. In order to get a quick switch, there are other supplements to the existing layered model operations.

When a mobile node switches from one link to another, a new forwarding address needs to be obtained as soon as possible to send and receive data packets. [KP00] proposes a method to reduce the delay in obtaining the new forwarding address, so that the mobile node can quickly re-transmit data packets and reduce the delay in sending data packets to the mobile node, if the switchover is under network control, the mobile proxy and communication node should be notified in the middle. This draft requires a network entity to instruct a mobile node to switch from one access router to another, and assuming that the entity knows the IP addresses and network prefixes of these routers.

Other drafts, such as [EL00], propose a new switching method using the explicit multicast xcast Technology of Group Multicast SGM. When a line segment is present, the control/user data packets are Multicast from xcast to the base station. The base station can access the mobile node, and then the data packets are sent to the wireless link between the base station and the mobile node.

Smooth Switching

For smooth switchover, [KP00 +] provides an extension of the Mobile IPv6 switchover. During the switchover, the necessary status information is transmitted through the additional control structure, so that during the switchover, applications running on mobile nodes can maintain low latency, minimal interruption, and reduced packet loss rate.