Python OS module

OS module provides an interface for invoking the operating system

1. Get the current path

>>> Import OS

>>> OS.GETCWD ()//equivalent to Linux command pwd

'/root '

2. Switch directories

>>> Os.chdir ("/usr/local")//equivalent to Linux command CD

>>> OS.GETCWD ()

'/usr/local '

3. Create a directory recursively

>>> os.makedirs ("/a/b/c")//makedirs can achieve recursive creation of the directory function

>>> Os.chdir ("/a/b/c")

>>> OS.GETCWD ()

'/a/b/c '

>>> Os.mkdir ("/a")//mkdir cannot be created recursively, only create directories on existing basis

4. Delete Directory

>>> os.removedirs ("/a/b/c")//Note: If the directory is empty, delete it, and recursively to the previous level directory, if the previous directory is empty, also delete

>>> Os.rmdir ("/a/b/c")//rmdir will only delete the C directory

5. List the contents of a directory

>>> os.listdir ("/tmp")//parentheses support the use of "." or ".." to represent the current directory and the parent directory

['. Ice-unix ', ' pulse-fs462evlc7dh ', ' keyring-uwyk0a ', '. esd-0 ', '. X0-lock ', ' pulse-jkptspm9pkfd ', ' keyring-mwnb3a ', ' ORBIT-GDM ', ' virtual-root.28g7kt ', '. X11-unix ', ' keyring-vskfbk ', ' keyring-s0txnr ', ' virtual-root. T44xz0 ']

6. Delete Files

>>> os.remove ("/root/test.txt")//The parameter in parentheses is the file path

7. renaming files or directories

>>> Os.rename ("/A", "/C")//parentheses with the parameter "old", "new"

8. Get information about a file or directory

>>> os.stat ("/root/test.py")//Print all properties by default

Os.stat_result (st_mode=33188, st_ino=1198015, st_dev=64768, St_nlink=1, St_uid=0, St_gid=0, st_size=261, st_atime= 1521601271, st_mtime=1521601271, st_ctime=1521601271)

>>> os.stat ("/root/test.py"). St_size//can also take one of these values

261

9, the output operating system path delimiter, such as: windows for "\ \", Linux "/"

>>> Os.sep

'/'

10, output the operating system line break delimiter, for example: Windows is "\ r \ n", Linux "\ n"

>>> Os.linesep

' \ n '

11. View the environment variables of the system

>>> Os.environ

Too much content, no more copying

12. Get the delimiter of the current operating system environment variable, for example: Windows is ";", Linux is ":"

>>> Os.pathsep

':'

13. Display the current system

>>> Os.name

' POSIX '

14. Command to execute operating system

>>> Os.system ("Ls-l")

Total dosage 21840

-RW-------. 1 root root 1612 February 7 17:21 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 46478 February 7 17:21 Install.log

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10033 February 7 17:19 Install.log.syslog

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 22256403 December python-3.6.0.tgz

15, the file path and file segmentation

>>> os.path.split ("/a/b/c/a.txt")//split the whole path of a file

('/a/b/c ', ' a.txt ')

16. Get Directory Name

>>> os.path.dirname ("/a/b/c/a.txt")

'/a/b/c '

17. Get the file name

>>> os.path.basename ("/a/b/c/a.txt")

' A.txt '

18, determine whether the path exists, you can determine the directory and file

>>> os.path.exists ("/b")

False

>>> os.path.exists ("/C")

True

>>> os.path.exists ("/etc/passwd")

True

19. Determine if the path is an absolute path

>>> os.path.isabs ("/etc/passwd")

True

>>> os.path.isabs ("passwd")

False

20. Determine if the parameter is a file

>>> os.path.isfile ("/etc/passwd")

True

>>> os.path.isfile ("/etc")

False

21. Stitching Path

>>> os.path.join ("/root", "passwd", "Passwd.txt")

'/root/passwd/passwd.txt '

22. Get the file or directory access time, return timestamp

>>> os.path.getatime ("/etc/passwd")

1521600541.5160062

>>> os.path.getatime ("/etc")

1521531717.0806012

23. Get the modified time of the file or directory

>>> os.path.getmtime ("/etc")

1521600007.5530176

>>> os.path.getmtime ("/etc/passwd")

1517995284.6799996

24, return the absolute path of the file

Os.path.abspath (__file__)//return absolute path to file

Print (Os.path.dirname (Os.path.abspath (__file__)))//return to the directory where the file is located

Python OS module