Virtual Machine in Linux -- virtual box

I. Introduction to the full set of virtual machines:

The x86 machine was designed to run only one operating system at the beginning, but after the virtual environment is installed, we can break this restriction and run multiple systems on one x86 machine at the same time, and keep them independent from each other. In a virtual environment, the host machine runs multiple virtual clients, and each client can share the hardware devices of the host machine. The detailed working principle of the virtual machine is Google or Baidu, I don't know much about it either.

The following describes several virtual machines that can run in Linux: VMWare, virtualbox, qemu, and xen. (I have only used virtualbox and xen, and I am a newbie. The other two don't have time to work out, so the following information is almost from the network .)

1. VMWare
Http://www.vmware.com
VMware supports 16 windows and 26 Linux versions (almost omnipotent), but VMware is not open-source and has to pay for it. You can apply for a one-month trial. After expiration, you have to pay for the license. Fortunately, we have pirated versions. The method for installing VMware is also very simple.

2. virtualbox
Http://www.virtualbox.org
Virtualbox is a virtual software developed by innotek. Fc8 provides the virtualbox RPM package and may require some dependent packages. install them directly in yum. The following problems may occur after installation:
(A) To Run virtualbox, you must be in the vboxusers group. Therefore, you must add your users to the vboxusers group.
(B) To Run virtualbox, compile/load and install kernel-devel. The version number must be the same as that of kernel. Check whether the kernel version is uname-R.

3. qemu
Http://fabrice.bellard.free.fr/qemu
Qemu is both a virtual software and a simulator.

4. xen
Http://xen.org
In fc8, the installation method is as follows: first set the BIOS to support VT, if not, And then upgrade the kernel and kernel-devel. You need to install the kernel-xen on behalf of xen; install xen, virt-manager, and virt-viewer. Then restart the system and select the xen-Based Kernel, run virtual manager to install the system. (You can find virtual manager in System Tools ). It is recommended that you do not operate in the command line, which is both time-consuming and difficult to operate. Please wait until you have done so. Some people have successfully installed the virtual system on the xen, but the network cannot be used. This is because the network settings are incorrect when installing the virtual system. You can select virtual network to connect to the host network.

II. The following describes how to use virtual network:

Virtualbox Official Website: http://www.virtualbox.org/
The following describes how to install, configure, and use the Linux fedora 9 platform. In fact, it is used almost in each release version. You only need to download the installation package corresponding to the main system platform during download.
Environment requirements:
Virtualbox requires the support of kernel modules. Therefore, you must first install kernel-devel in the system. If not, the fedora system can be installed using Yum (for other releases, see "support for external kernel modules" in usermanual ).

Code: sudo Yum install kernel-devel-correct version number

For other components and environment requirements, see the Linux host section of build instructions.
Download:
The virtualbox website has moved the download connection to Sun donwload center, connected "binaries (all platforms)" on the http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads to connect to the download page, select the appropriate host platform, agree to the download protocol to download.
Installation:

Code: sudo Yum install virtualbox

Configuration before running:
First, create and start the virtualbox kernel module and execute:

Code: sudo/etc/rc. d/init. d/vboxdrv setup

After the kernel is upgraded, execute this command to re-build it. If you need to set the vbox service to self-start, set vboxdrv and vboxnet to self-start. After virtualbox is installed, the system automatically generates a vboxusers user group and adds its user name to the bvoxusers group. Otherwise, the vbox cannot be used.

Code: sudo usermod-G vboxusers your_user_name

Startup method:
Command Line startup command: virtualbox (case sensitive );
. Lnk mode startup: Application in panel Program )/System-tools (System Tool)/innotek virtualbox for startup.
Client configuration and usage:
Create the first Windows XP client. Because it runs on a virtual machine, we recommend that you download some castrated Windows xp iso to install it for performance considerations. The following is an example of installing an XP system: client environment configuration. Click "new" on the main interface to enter the setting environment:

Quote:

Name: Virtual System name, which is displayed on the main interface. OS type: select the system type to be installed. Base memory size: Memory allocated to the virtual system, which is allocated according to the physical memory size. Boot Hard Disk: it is equivalent to a virtual hard disk created for the virtual system. It has never been created for the first time. Therefore, choose "New" to create one. Image Typ: select the first type, that is, dynamic space, for creation. This avoids the waste of hard disk space on the host. Image File Name: name of the virtual disk. This file can be stored in /. Virtualbox/VDI. Image Size: Virtual Disk size. Note that the size of a virtual hard disk must not exceed the free space in the physical partition of the existing virtual hard disk. Otherwise, the system will prompt that the partition cannot be partitioned when installing the virtual system.

After the virtual system environment is basically configured, you can modify it in setting later.
Vbox supports the installation of virtual systems through ISO and physical optical drives. If you have an ISO file, you are advised to select the ISO method for installation, because the installation speed is relatively fast! Add an ISO file: file-> Virtual Disk Manager-> CD/DVD images. Add the required system ISO to facilitate management.
Install the client system:
Select "strat" and start to install the virtual system. If the boot order is not configured before, the system will prompt the startup mode. The actual configuration is to start from the physical floppy disk, optical drive, and ISO file. The subsequent system installation is the same as the actual environment. The first thing to install the client XP system is to install "virtualbox guset additions ". Start the client XP system and select "Install guset additions" in drives ". Virtualbox guset additions:

Quote:

1. Move the mouse between the client and the host smoothly. 2. file sharing with the host. 3. Share the clipboard content on the host, that is, you can directly copy and paste the clipboard content between the host and the client. 4. Use a sound system, or you cannot use a virtual machine to listen to music. 5. Synchronize time with the host. Otherwise, the host has reached ten o'clock A.M., and your client may still be at in the middle of the night... 6. Automatically log on to Windows.

Network Connection Mode:
Vbox uses the NAT method by default. I think most users use this method ?!
Use a sound system:
In "Settings", select "enabel audio" in the "audio" project, select the "Oss audio driver" driver, and save the settings.
File Sharing:

in "Settings", add the host directories or partitions to be shared in sequence. We recommend that you do not share some important directories of the host. If you do not want to share important directories, we recommend that you set it to "read-only ". Read the shared directory of the host in the client as "// vboxsvr/shared directory name". For ease of use, we recommend that you use disk drive ing to connect, "My Computer"-> "Tools"-> "ing network drive", enter "// vboxsvr/shared directory name" in "folder ".
If You Want to virtualize a Linux system, map the shared folder as follows:
0. Add the shared folder to the Virtual Machine option.
1, to use the shared folder function, you must install linux guest additions
2, lsmod | grep vboxvfs to ensure that the vboxvfs module is loaded. If not, use sudo modprobe vboxvfs to load
3. Create a folder, such as/mnt/share
4, sudo Mount-T vboxsf media/mnt/share /, media is the name of the shared folder, and share is the location of the mounted folder
5. Access/mnt/share to access the shared file.
use a USB storage device: you only need to share and map the "Media" directory of the host.
use another USB device: Add a USB device that the host can recognize in the "USB" project in "Settings", such as a camera...

Common shortcut keys:
Right Ctrl + F, switch to full screen mode.
Right Ctrl + F, seamless mode, this mode seems a bit like using toolbar.
Right Ctrl + G to automatically adjust the client display size.
Right Ctrl + R, restart the client.
Right Ctrl + Q to disable the virtual machine.

What needs to be done after the kernel upgrade:

Quote:

[Marco. Chan @ fedora8 ~] $ Sudo/etc/rc. d/init. d/vboxdrv setup Stopping virtualbox kernel module [OK] Removing old virtualbox kernel module [OK] Recompiling virtualbox kernel module [OK] Starting virtualbox kernel module [OK]

These are commonly used configurations. If you need more detailed configuration methods, you can use "f1" in virtual to view the chm format of User Manual (English version ). User Manual in PDF Format: http://www.virtualbox.org/download/UserManual.pdf (English ).

In vbox:
It's no different from the physical system ~
Mapped Disk

 

To copy a VDI and use it again, you must use the vboxmanager command. The syntax is vboxmanage clonevdi <source_vdi> <destination_vdi>