Oracle Database Security Policy

With the popularization and improvement of the application of computer network, Oracle database application is changing in every field, it has excellent performance and convenient operation, which is one of the most favored in the database system at present. However, with the further application and the increasing of data information, the security of database has been mentioned on a very important agenda, which is a very concerned problem in the daily work of database administrators. Due to computer hardware and software failure, the database system can not run normally, resulting in a large number of data information loss, even the database system crashes. Therefore, the author around how to ensure that the Oracle database has a high security, so that the database system in a stable and safe state, talk about some understanding.

Management of user Roles

This is one of the important means to protect the security of database system. By establishing different user groups and user password authentication, it can effectively prevent illegal Oracle users from entering the database system, causing unnecessary trouble and damage. Additionally, in Oracle databases, you can restrict the operations of Oracle users by authorizing This allows some users to access the Oracle server, which means that they have read and write rights to the entire database, while most users can read or write only within the same group or have read-only rights to the entire database. In this context, special emphasis is placed on the management of the two special accounts of SYS and system.

To secure your Oracle server, you should ensure that all content under the $oracle_home/bin directory is owned by Oracle users.

To enhance the security of the database in the network, for remote users, you should use encryption to access the database through passwords, and strengthen DBA authority control on the network, such as denying remote DBA access.

Data protection

The data protection of the database is mainly the backup of the database, when the hardware and software of the computer fail, use the backup to restore the database to restore the corrupted database files or control files or other files.

Another kind of data protection is the log, Oracle database instances provide logs to record the various operations in the database, including modification, adjustment parameters, in the database to create a complete record of all jobs.

Another is to control the backup of the file, which is typically used to store the state of the physical structure of the database, and some state information in the control file is used to boot the Oracle database during instance recovery and media recovery.

Oracle Database Backup

In daily work, database backup is a task that the database administrator must continue to do, the Oracle 7 database backup is mainly in the following ways:

1. Logical backup

A logical backup is to read and write records of a database to a file, which is a frequently used form of backup.

Export: This command enables you to back up a data file, a user's data file, or an entire database.

Import: This command reads the dump file created by export into the database system, or it can be done by a data file, user, or an entire database.

2. Physical backup

Physical backups are also a form of backup that is often used by database administrators. It can copy all of the contents of an Oracle database in many ways, with offline backups and online backups, with their strengths, and in practice, depending on the situation and the state of their choice.

Offline backup

The operation is to back up the Oracle database after the Oracle database is properly closed, including all user database files and tables, all control files, all log files, database initialization files, and so on. You can take different forms of backup, such as using tape dump commands (TAR) to dump all files to tape, or copy all files as they are (COPY,RCP) to another backup disk or to a disk on another host.

Online backup

This backup approach is also effective, and it allows you to dump the online log dumps and create a detailed, accurate, complete record of all processes and jobs within the Oracle database.

Another benefit of physical backup is that Oracle database management systems can be completely dumped and, in the event of a failure, easy to recover in time to reduce the trouble of the database administrator reinstalling Oracle.