Fundamentals of Linux Programming

First, the Linux programming environment

1. Program Editor:

Command mode:

I (insert): inserting

A (after): Insert later

X (): Delete character

DD: Delete a row

: line number is specified

:/string: Search string

: Q, go back

: Wq

NDD: deleting n rows

YY: Copy when moving forward

P: Paste

NY: Start copying from current flight

2. GCC

Gcc-s text.c

Gcc-c text.c

gcc-o Text text.c

Gcc-o text TEST1.O text2.o

Second, debugging Tools

1. gdb

Execute debug command: GDB test;

List lines of code: L (list);

Set Breakpoint: B (Break);

Run the program: R (Run);

Continue running: C (continue);

Single-Step operation: N (next);

Exit Gdb:q (quit);

Delete breakpoint: delete, D;

Run shell command: Shell commands

If you want to perform GDB debugging, format: Gcc-wall--c-g

2. Mtrace (Memory tracking)

Mainly used for the log information of malloc, realloc and free;

Operation Steps:

1. Register the environment variable malloc_trace:export command or the putenv () function,

2. The memory allocation is placed between the function mtrace () and the function muntrace () function, the log file will be recorded;

3. Open the log to see memory use memory situation;

Export M alloc_trace =./mymemtrace.log

#include "stdlib.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "string.h" #include "mcheck.h" int main () {<span style= "White-space: Pre "></span>char *tmp; <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>printf ("hello\n"); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>mtrace (); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>tmp = (char*) malloc (100); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>memset (tmp, 0, 16); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>*tmp = 123455; <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>free (TMP); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>muntrace (); <span style= "White-space:pre" ></span>return 0;}

You can use Addr2line to view the address of the specific application and the Code of the Quartet address, and can help and analyze memory leaks;

3. Hook function

hook function Hook () to the memory line tracking;

4. Binutil Tools

Add2line:

AR: Archive file

As: Output assembly file,

LD: Connector

NM: List symbols for files

Objcopy:

Objdump: Displaying files

Ranlib: Generate archive file

Readelf: displaying elf file information

Size: Length of segment

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Fundamentals of Linux Programming