How to do it strategic planning more pragmatically

It planning of modern enterprise is divided into ' broad ' and ' narrow ' in the common sense. The so-called ' broad ' it planning is to start from the enterprise's strategy, fully analyze the operation mode of the core value chain of the enterprise, then find the support point and opportunity point of it, clear the IT strategy of the enterprise, and construct the enterprise's IT application blueprint, it governance mode, information resource system and system implementation plan, In order to achieve the enterprise strategic objectives of effective support. And the ' narrow sense ' of it planning is focused on the system hardware, system software, development technology, such as planning and arrangements, is around the technology spread. Here, the IT plan we're talking about is focused on ' broad ' it planning.
In general, it planning is based on four steps, it strategic clarity, it competency analysis, IT solutions, and it action solutions.
In the clear phase of IT strategy, needs to analyze the enterprise's strategy, the vision and the goal, and carries on the thorough analysis to the core value chain related Business link, starts from the business model and the process to find it the support point and the opportunity point, then constructs supports the business development strategy The IT strategy, sets up the information construction goal.
In the IT Capability analysis stage, first, it will combine the enterprise's IT support point, start from the core business link, analyze and form the IT demand and it target of the enterprise at different level. Then, the paper constructs a reasonable it evaluation model to evaluate the informatization of the enterprise comprehensively, and carry out the analysis of the gap and constraint conditions, and provide the basis for the later it blueprint and system planning.
In the IT solution phase, it is necessary to design the enterprise's IT application blueprint, to analyze the integration point of the application system and to build the enterprise's IT infrastructure, and to deeply describe and analyze the content.
In the IT action plan stage, need to design the IT blueprint to carry on the comprehensive planning, the establishment enterprise informationization construction step, carries on the risk and the benefit analysis, at the same time gives the enterprise IT management plan, and on this basis forms the enterprise concrete informationization Action plan, instructs the enterprise the next action.
1. The problem lies in the enterprise Informationization construction
In the IT planning stage, the project team will help the enterprise to depict a beautiful blueprint for information construction, and will use a variety of ' scientific ' analytical tools and many ' fresh ' nouns to tell the enterprise how to do. After the project team withdrew, enterprises in the actual development of information technology often found it planning content is difficult to implement, or even out of the actual situation of the enterprise.
So where is the problem? According to the author engaged in enterprise information construction and IT consulting experience, the main problem can be summed up as follows:
First, superstition best practices, everything to the benchmark, it planning ignores the actual situation of the enterprise, including the enterprise's humanistic environment, regional culture, historical traditions and other differences, especially in the transformation period of domestic enterprises need to develop the various management and operation of the ' personalization ' problem. In this case, the attempt to use technology-driven management and business changes, and the lack of effective communication with all levels of the enterprise, it is difficult to help enterprises to establish a pragmatic and efficient information framework, and even bring some misleading enterprises, so that in the follow-up information construction in the process of a variety of confused business problems.
Second, the lack of a deep understanding of domestic enterprise management and business issues, no ability to understand the operation of the pulse of the enterprise, it planning reports, although also include corporate strategic clarity, business and process grooming, but due to lack of understanding depth, often cause these analysis results can not be followed by the IT strategy, Effective combination of it blueprint and action plan.
Third, the planning process attaches importance to the construction of the application system and network, hardware platform, and ignore the enterprise management and business closely related to the content of the information itself, often built a lot of information systems, but not to support the operation of information resources. Business executives tend to complain: ' Why do I want to know a lot of things in such advanced information systems, just can't see it. Why our information systems are unable to capture change sensitively when market conditions are abrupt. '。 Analysis shows that this kind of it planning is more to meet the technical needs of enterprises, rather than for the enterprise business development and management of operational services. If you follow this approach to building an enterprise's it overall framework, after the information system is built, the vast majority of employees will still not know how to use the information, and how to make this information valuable. Enterprise's information system, there is no management and maintenance of the significance and value. Therefore, a comprehensive enterprise information resource planning is also an important part of it planning.
Finally, it governance scheme is a mere formality, can not play the role of ' three-point technology, seven management ', it governance or it is called IT management is it planning solution must be included, may be the same as the previous several issues, this is related to business management issues. Because it is still a new thing for domestic enterprises, it is difficult for enterprises to accumulate good experience of IT management, and the individuation problem of domestic enterprise management is more outstanding. Therefore, if you can not understand the culture of the enterprise, it development background, management operation mode and other issues, the development of IT organization system, IT management system, IT management process and it performance assessment and other IT management system can only fall on paper, can not be implemented. At the same time, the enterprise's IT department often acts as the cost center and service organization of the enterprise, the responsibility is infinite, the power is little, there is a problem IT department is more to compromise with the business unit, which makes it more difficult to manage. Therefore, how to combine the actual situation of the enterprise, make ' few less ' rather than ' all-inclusive ', and operable IT governance solution is the key of it planning.
Five, do not recognize the importance of it planning, not enough resources to invest. This issue is not a technical and management issue, but is often the most important issue. Many companies do it planning in the original intention is good, also recognize that not in accordance with the ' master plan, step-by-step implementation, focus on the application of the steps of information construction is not, but in the actual operation of the project as a result of a variety of reasons for the project amount of small, tight time, less investment, the full content.
2. How to make it planning more pragmatic.
To address these issues, how to make it planning more pragmatic. It is worthy of our serious consideration and conclusion to help the enterprises to build the information framework in line with the actual situation, to make the steps of information construction and to guide the information construction of the enterprise in the next 3-5 years.
Here, want it planning more pragmatic, first of all need to combine the actual situation of the enterprise, understand what it plans to do for the enterprise. How to truly support the strategy, management and operation of the enterprise. The author's view is that it planning may not need to carry out SWOT analysis, do not need to carry out the Boston matrix analysis, no need for competitive analysis, those are the strategic planning needs to be done, not to distinguish red, a pot of vegetables stew. It planning needs to be clear about the strategy of the enterprise, and then find the business development strategy to support the strategy, then decompose into the core value chain of the various business links, see what these business links need to have the ability to support these business development strategy, At the same time, analyze how these businesses want to have these capabilities that require IT systems to assist in implementation, and explain what IT systems should do to make these capabilities available to the business segment. This lets you break down how it supports business operations and, in turn, supports enterprise strategy.
Take the author has consulted a case, the customer is in the fierce competition in the apparel industry, to achieve customers to create the goal of excellence apparel enterprises, we need to continuously meet the pursuit of fashion consumers, to respond to rapid changes in the market demand. This requires the enterprise to establish a fast response business strategy, this rapid response is not only the rapid response of each business link itself, the need for the whole value chain, or even the entire supply chain of rapid response. Then you can analyze the business strategy to support this rapid response, the various business segments (including research and development, procurement, production, distribution, etc.) need to realize real-time sharing of information and enhance the coordination of the Plan (and, of course, other capabilities), and these two points are precisely what IT systems are good at, This can effectively find the support point of it, and then carry out detailed requirements analysis, and complete the application system design and implementation planning, so as to provide enterprises with a strong targeted solution.
Secondly, it planning needs to start from the source of it application, and excavate what information the enterprise needs. Where this information exists. Through which channels can be obtained. How to analyze, process, store and disseminate this information. What impact this information has on the business. How can enterprises know which channels provide valuable information and which channels provide low value of information. How the enterprise can adjust its information channel. In order to help enterprises to build a reasonable information resources system, as well as information coding system, combined with it needs analysis, to provide a complete information content solution for enterprise Information System implementation to provide practical foundation support. At the same time, through the development of information classification, storage, transmission and use of standards, the formation of norms and systems, and the use of the corresponding IT management tools, including incentive mechanisms and performance assessment, the processing of information content to standardize, truly realize the significance and value of enterprise information construction.
Then, it planning to be pragmatic and to combine the actual it needs of the enterprise on the basis of careful analysis and more suitable for enterprise IT application systems, especially large IT application platform (such as ERP, SCM, etc.), need to target the industry and business characteristics, find a few mature software suppliers, objective comparative analysis, The content of the analysis includes the maturity of the platform, the technical program of the platform, the successful case of the related industry, the implementation service ability of the manufacturer, the localization development and the service ability, and the cost-performance, etc., and give the enterprise the objective suggestion. Because the large IT application system is very complex, so in comparison and analysis of the time must start from the details, it is best to help enterprises form modules of the functional requirements manual, so in the future when the enterprise selection can also be targeted for system testing, demo demo and so on, So that the selection of enterprises can achieve the greatest degree of information symmetry, so as to achieve rational return, not be confused by the concept and relationship of software suppliers. Here, to provide enterprises with the whole process of software selection Services is also a practical aspect of it planning.
Finally, it planning in the construction of enterprise IT management system to explore the root of IT management problems, and consider the feasibility of the application of enterprises to form a simple and feasible solution, so that enterprises can implement. In combination with a case, the data on the customer application system is always inaccurate, and the business unit complains all day that it is not doing well, that the system is unreliable, that it is not as manual, and warns it that they will not use the system again. The IT department is getting tense and busy all day. In how to set permissions, log logs, tracking analysis and system prompts, try to use technical means to solve the problem of inaccurate data, and later found that the problem is still unresolved.
Through investigation and interview, we find that the evaluation index of the accuracy of the system data is only the employees of IT department, and the corresponding incentive and punishment mechanism. The operators and business executives of the various business units that really use the system do not affect their personal interests because of inaccurate system data. In this way, they are very casual when it comes to data entry and modification, sometimes even intentionally making the data inaccurate to cover up some of the problems in their work. Later, the problem of inaccurate data is solved by adjusting the evaluation index, strengthening supervision and control, and developing flexible incentive and punishing mechanism. Therefore, in the design of IT management system from these practical problems, design feasible solutions, so that business departments and IT departments can form a community of interests, change one-way services as partners, together to make information systems within the enterprise to produce the greatest benefits. Otherwise, the design of IT management system can only be seen useless.