Implementation of custom language-interpreter mode (1)

Although there are hundreds of computer programming languages, sometimes we still want to use some simple languages to perform some specific operations. We only need to input a sentence or file to the computer, it can interpret sentences or files according to pre-defined grammar rules to implement corresponding functions. For example, a simple addition/subtraction interpreter is provided. You only need to input an addition/subtraction expression to calculate the expression result, as shown in Figure 18-1, when the input string expression is "1 + 2 + 3-4 + 1", the output result is 3.

Figure 18-1 addition/subtraction Interpreter
We know that, languages such as C ++, Java, and C # cannot directly interpret strings such as "1 + 2 + 3-4 + 1" (if they are directly used as numerical expressions ), we must define a set of grammar rules to explain these statements, that is, to design a custom language. In actual development, these simple custom languages can be designed based on existing programming languages, in this case, you can use the interpreter mode to implement a custom language.
18.1 Robot Control Program
Sunny software wants to develop a robot control program for a toy company. The robot control program contains some simple English control commands, each of which corresponds to an expression ), this expression can be a simple expression or a compound expression. Each simple expression consists of three parts: moving direction, moving mode, and moving distance, the moving directions include up, down, left, and right. The moving methods include move and run ); the moving distance is a positive integer. The two expressions can be connected with (and) to form a composite expression.
You can create a robot control command by performing operations on the graphic setting interface. After receiving the command, the robot moves according to the instruction settings. For example, enter the control command: up move 5, then, "move 5 units up". Enter the control command: down run 10 and left move 20. Then, "move 10 units down quickly and then move 20 units to the left ".
Developers of Sunny software company decided to customize a simple language to explain robot control commands. According to the above requirement description, the syntax rules for expressing the simple language in a formal language are as follows: www.2cto.com
Expression: = direction action distance | composite // expression
Composite: = expression' and 'Expression // composite expression
Direction: = 'up' | 'down' | 'left' | 'right' // move the direction
Action: = 'move '| 'run' // move mode
Distance: = an integer // moving distance
The preceding language defines five grammar rules, corresponding to five language units. These language units can be divided into two types: terminator (also called Terminator expressions), such as direction, action, and distance, they are the smallest component units of the language and cannot be split. The other class is non-terminator (also called non-terminator expressions), such as expression and composite. They are all complete sentences, contains a series of terminologies or non-terminologies.
The language defined according to the above rules can constitute many statements, and computer programs will perform some operation according to these statements. To explain the statements, you can use the interpreter mode. In the interpreter mode, each grammar rule corresponds to a class, it is very convenient to expand, change grammar, and add new grammar rules. Next let's start learning the interpreter mode, let's see how to process robot control commands in interpreter mode.

Author: Liu Wei