Install CentOS_6.5_x64 on a VM

Before starting Linux learning, we must have an experimental environment. Here I chose the Minimal version for installing the CentOS-6.5-x86_64, you can also choose to install other Linux distributions. CentOS is mainly because it is convenient and the Minimal version is the most simplified version. you can install other software or services based on your learning needs. Let's get started! Process & n

Before starting Linux learning, we must have an experimental environment. Here I chose the Minimal version for installing the CentOS-6.5-x86_64, you can also choose to install other Linux distributions. CentOS is mainly because it is convenient and the Minimal version is the most simplified version. you can install other software or services based on your learning needs. Let's get started!

 

Process

1. preparations

(1) install VMware or Virtualbox. I use VMware 10. You can choose virtual machine software based on your familiarity.

(2) Download the CentOS-6.5-x86_64_minimal version of the image file. You can also go to the major open source mirror site to download different mirror files, http://www.cnbeta.com/articles/194758.htm here there are a lot of open source mirror site address.

2. installation process

(1) First, create a new virtual machine. The process of creating a VM is not described here, and the operation is relatively simple. I will write another VMware tutorial.

(2) start the vmwarevirtual machine and then press F2 to enter the virtual machine BIOS, set the first boot as a CD-ROM (the operating system is installed in a lot of ways, generally use the optical drive, in addition, there are U disk installation, hard disk installation, network installation, and so on ).

Then press F10 to save and restart.

(3) after the restart, you can go to the installation page. select the first carriage return to install the installation, or select the second installation to enter the graphical mode, if you are interested, you can learn more about the functions of other options. Note that if you use the minimal version to select the second graphical installation, you may need to use the tab key and enter key to switch to the next button, because I did not see the previous and next buttons during the installation, I do not know if it is my problem.

(4) go to the interface to check whether the file is damaged. select skip and press enter.

(5) on the welcome page, press enter and select the language and keyboard type.

(6) select Re-initialize all, select the time zone, and set the password (if the password is too simple, it will prompt a weak password, if you are sure you want to use a weak password, you can choose use anyway or reset the password ).

(7) The Partition page is displayed. it is unclear why there is no custom partition. it may be because of the minimal version, and I chose the text mode for installation, however, I have heard on the Internet that there is no custom partition for 6 series installation in text mode. Here, we will also attach the partition diagram when installing the form mode.

This is the text mode with no custom partitions. Select Use entire drive, OK, and then select write changes to disk to start automatic partitioning. then, the reboot button pops up and press enter to reboot the system. Here is an introduction to text mode installation. the partition interface installed in graphic mode will be explained below.

This is a graphic mode with custom partitions. Select the fourth item. I chose English here. you can select Chinese for easy operation. Here we will explain the basic knowledge of partitions. the common partitioning methods are generally divided into/boot,/,/data,/swap, however, on the server, more partitions are generally divided based on the hardware configuration and usage of the server. I will introduce them in detail later. Here, when I create a VM, the memory is set to 1 GB, and the hard disk is set to 120 GB. then I/boot is divided into 512 MB, and/is divided into 60 GB, /data is divided into 30 GB,/swap is generally twice the memory, so it is divided into 2 GB. If there is still idle, put it first.

You can select the Partition mode when creating a Partition. The Standard Partition mode is the Standard Partition mode, and the RAID Partition mode is the disk array Partition. here is the software disk array; LVM Physical Volume is a Physical Volume of LVM. What are the differences between them. Here I select the standard partition mode.

(8) Select format (format) and select write changes to disk (write to disk). Then, select the system startup program installation location and press enter (Next/Next.

Then the installation starts.

Restart the instance and enter the system.

 

Partition scheme

(1) the simplest partitioning scheme.

SWAP partition: SWAP partition, usually 1 ~ of the physical memory ~ 2 times.

/Partition: Divided By configuration

Using the preceding partition scheme, all data is stored in/partition, which is not safe for the system and is not easy to back up.

 

(2) a reasonable partition plan.

/Boot partition: used to store programs related to linux startup, such as boot loader.

/Usr partition: used to store linux applications with a large amount of data.

/Var partition: used to store changing data and logs in Linux.

/Home partition: stores data of common users. it is the home directory of common users.

/Partition: root directory of the Linux system. all directories are mounted under this directory.

SWAP partition: implements virtual memory, usually 1 ~ of physical memory ~ 2 times.

The size of each partition varies slightly depending on the server's usage and different solutions, without detailed analysis.