Introduction to the Linux system directory structure

1. Root/Directory

/root of the Linux file system

/bin the command path used by ordinary users

/sbin command path used by super users

/boot Linux kernel and the file directory required by the boot system program. When installing the system partition, it is usually divided into a boot partition.

/dev device's file directory, such as sound card, disk, optical drive ...

　　　　 /etc Binary installation package (yum, RPM) configuration file default path, directory where service startup command is stored

/home 　　 Home directory where the average user resides

/LStorage path for IB library files

/root home directory for super users

/mnt temporary mount points, such as cdrom,u disks, etc.

/proc Virtual File system

Temp file directory for/tmp system

/usr user program, and data, help files and other directories

2./etc/Catalogue

All the configuration files in the system are defined here

Version of the/etc/issue system (Windows/linux)

/ETC/MOTD Login Reminder (default is empty)

Configuration file for/etc/inittab Init

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 system eth0 NIC configuration file

/etc/skel distributing the location of the configuration files to new users

/etc/sysconfig/network Host name configuration file

/etc/sysconfig/i18n System Character Set

/etc/profile System Global Environment variables

/etc/hosts Local Host Mappings

/etc/fstab Boot configuration file system mount

/etc/yum.repos.d/yum Source Configuration Directory

/etc/redhat-release information about the version and name of the operating system

/etc/group Setting the user's group name and related information

/ETC/PASSWD Account information File

/etc/shadow Password information file

/etc/sudoers can execute configuration files using the sudo command (privilege elevation)

/etc/security set which terminal can let root login

/etc/login.defs default configuration for all users when they log on

/etc/modprobe.conf Kernel module Additional parameter setting

/etc/rsyslog.conf C6 configuration file, C5 time is syslog.conf

/etc/rc.local storage of files starting from boot content (software installed through source code), Chkconfig is typically used to manage Rpm/yum package installation Services

/etc/resolv.conf local client DNS files for Linux

3./var/Catalogue

/var contains data to be changed when the system is generally running. Usually the size of the directory in which the data resides is constantly changing or expanding.

/var/log/various system log storage location

/var/log/message System Information Default log file, very important, automatic polling by week

/var/log/secure record Log in system access information files, automatic polling by the week, for example: POP3,SSH,TELNET,FTP, etc. will be recorded in this, system-safe logs

/var/log/wtmp document that logs the information of the lander, last

/var/spool Scheduled Task crontab default path, file named by user name

/var/spool/cron the user's scheduled task file storage location

/var/spool/mail the user's mail storage location

/var/log/cron log files for user timed tasks

/var/spool/clientmqueue sendmail Temporary mail file directory, C6 default will not install SendMail, all will not have this problem

4./proc/Catalogue

The/proc file system is a pseudo-file system that only exists in memory and does not occupy external memory space. It provides an interface for accessing system kernel data in a file system manner.

/proc/version kernel version

/proc/sys/kernel System Kernel Version

/proc/cpuinfo information about the processor, such as type, manufacturer, model, and performance

/proc/meminfo system Memory Information

/proc/devices List of all devices configured by the current running kernel

/PROC/DMA DMA channel currently in use

/proc/interrupts is using the interrupt, and how many interrupts were there

/proc/filesystems the file system configured by the current running kernel

/proc/ioports the I/O port that is currently in use

/PROC/LOADAVG system load average information, uptime result, value does not exceed CPU's core number

/proc/cmdline kernel command-line arguments loaded at system startup

/proc/mounts List of loaded file systems

Block allocation information in a/proc/partitions partition

5./usr/Catalogue

A directory commonly used to install various software

/var/lib/rpm RPM Kit Installation

/usr/local This directory is generally used to store the user self-compiled installation software storage directory, usually through the source code package installed software, if not specifically designated installation directory, usually installed in this directory

/USR/SRC Kernel Source Storage directory

/usr/bin commands for ordinary users

/usr/sbin commands owned by super users

/usr/share/doc Help Document storage directory

Note: Red marked for important knowledge

Introduction to the Linux system directory structure