JSP----Nine large built-in objects

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On JSP pages, there are nine large built-in objects that you will often use:

Built-in object type scopes

Built-in objects	Type	Scope
Request	Javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest	Request
Response	Javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse	Response
PageContext	Javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext	Page
Session	Javax.servlet.http.HtpSession	Session
Application	Javax.servlet.jsp.ServletContext	Application
Out	Javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter	Page
Config	Javax.servlet.ServletConfig	Page
Page	Java.lang.Object	Page
exception	Java.lang.Throwable	Page

First, request

Request object: The Request object not only can be used to set and get the request range variable, but also can be used to obtain the client request parameters, the source of the request, header, cookies and so on.

1. Request parameter method for client requests

Method	return value type	Method description
GetParameter (String name)	String	Gets the parameter value named name for the parameter
Getparameternames ()	Enumeration	Gets the name of all parameters, which can be used in combination with the previous method to get the values of all parameters
Getparametervalues (String name)	String[]	Gets all parameters named name of the parameter, such as the parameter is multiple checkboxes
Getparametermap ()	Map	Gets the map instance encapsulated by all parameters, and returns an array of values with the corresponding parameter named ID through the map instance's string[] get ("id") method

2. Other methods of request

Method	return value type	Method description
GetHeader (String name)	String	Gets the header named name for the specified header
Getheadername ()	Enumeration	Get all the header names
Getintheader (String name)	Int	Gets the header named name, with the content returned as an integer type
Getdateheader (String name)	Long	Gets the header named name, with the content returned as a date type
GetCookies ()	Cookies	Get the relevant cookie
Getcontextpath ()	String	Get the path to the context
GetMethod ()	String	Get how clients are submitted
Getprotocol ()	String	Get the HTTP protocol used
GetQueryString ()	String	Gets the requested string
Getrequestsessionid ()	String	Gets the session ID of the client
Getrequesturi ()	String	Gets the requested URI
GETREMOTEADDR ()	String	Get Client IP Address

Second, Response object: Used to transmit output information to the client.

Method	return value	Method description
Addcookie (Cookie cookie)	void	Refer to request
Adddateheader (String name,long date)	void	Refer to request
AddHeader (String name,string value)	void	Refer to request
Addintheader (String name,int value)	void	Refer to request
Setdateheader (String name,long date)	void	Refer to request
SetHeader (String name,string value)	void	Refer to request
Setintheader (String name,int value)	void	Refer to request
Senderror (int SC)	void	Transfer Status Code
Senderror (int sc,string msg)	void	Transfer status codes and error messages
SetStatus (int SC)	void	Set the status code
Sendredirect (String URL)	void	Page redirection for page jumps

Note: Here the Response object's Sendredirect (String URL) method Setting page redirection will change the browser address bar information, so also called the client jump.

The instance 1:response object implements the automatic refresh of the page: just the early JSP page plus

<%--uses the Setintheader of the response object to set the value of the refresh (in seconds) for automatic page refresh--%> <% response.addintheader ("Refresh", 10); %>

Example 2: Implementation of automatic page jump: You can use the Response object's SetHeader () method to add a header titled Refresh, and set the page jump time and jump page, so that the page automatically jump. <% Response.setheader ("Refresh", "10; Url=http://www.baidu.com "); %> here, use the SetHeader method to add a header titled "Refresh" with a value of "10,url=http://www.baidu.com".

Third, out object: Used to output information to the page. The Out object is used to output information within a Web browser and to manage The output buffers on the application server . When you use an Out object to output data, you can manipulate the data buffers to clear the remaining data in the buffer and make buffer space for the other output. When the data output is complete, the output stream should be closed in time.

Method	return value type	Method description
Clear ()	void	Clear the output on a webpage
Clearbuffer ()	void	Clear Buffer Contents
Close ()	void	Close buffer, clear all contents
GetBufferSize ()	Int	Get buffer size
Getremaining ()	Int	Get buffer remaining size
Isautofulsh ()	Boolean	Get information about whether the buffer is automatically purged
Print (String str)	void	For page output
println (String str)	void	Page output and line wrapping

Session object: Used to represent the user's conversational state, generally used to save the user's various information until the life cycle timeout or is considered to be released. The Session object is an object that is automatically created by the server that is related to the user request. The server generates a Session object for each user that holds the user's information and tracks the user's operational status. The session object uses the map class internally to hold the data, so the format of the saved data is "Key/value". The value of the session object can make complex object types, not just string types.

Method	return value type	Method description
GetId ()	String	Gets the ID of the session
GetCreationTime ()	Long	Gets the session's build time
Getlashaccessedtime ()	Long	Get user last Send request time via session
Getmaxinactiveinterval ()	Long	Gets the session life cycle, which expires if this time is exceeded
Invalidate ()	void	Clear Session Contents
IsNew ()	Boolean	Determine if the session is "new"
Setmaxinactiveinterval ()	void	Sets the session life cycle, which expires if this time is exceeded

V. Application object: Used to obtain and set information about the servlet. The Application object saves information in the server until the server shuts down, otherwise the information saved in the Application object will be valid throughout the application. The Application object has a longer life cycle than the session object, similar to the system's global variables.

Method	return value type	Method description
Getmajorversion ()	Int	Get the main servlet API version
Getminorversion ()	Int	Get the minor servlet API version
Getserverinfo ()	String	Get Server version
GetMimeType ()	String	Gets the MIME type of the specified file
GetContext ()	ServerContext	Gets the application context for the specified local
Getrealpath	String	Gets the absolute path of the specified path

Vi. PageContext objects: Properties that can be used to set the page range, and other range properties, but you need to specify a range parameter, and you can also get other built-in objects. The function of the PageContext object is to obtain any range of parameters, through which can get the JSP page out, request, reponse, session, application and other objects. The creation and initialization of PageContext objects is done by the container, and the PageContext object can be used directly in the JSP page.

Method	return value	Method description
GetException ()	Exception	Gets the current exception built-in object
Getout ()	JspWriter
GetPage ()	Object
Getrequest ()	Servletrequset
GetResponse ()	Servletresponse
Getservletconfig ()	ServletConfig
Getserveltcontext ()	ServletContext
GetSession ()	HttpSession
GetAttribute (String name,int scope)	Object	Gets the Name property value for the specified range
Getattributenamesinscope (int scope)	Enumeration	Gets all property names for the specified range
Getattributesscope (String name)	Int	Get property range with Name
RemoveAttribute (String name)	void	Remove property with Name property
RemoveAttribute (String name,int scope)	void	Removes the attribute with the name of the specified range
SetAttribute (String name,object value,int scope)	void	Sets the name property of the specified range
Findattribute (String name)	Object	Look for properties with name for all scope property names

The Page object: The Page object represents a JSP-translated servlet, which makes it very easy to invoke the methods defined in the Servlet class through the Page object. The Page object represents the JSP itself and is only legal within the JSP page. The page implied object essentially contains the variables referenced by the current servlet interface, similar to the this pointer in Java programming.

Example 1: Invoking a method defined in a servlet class from a Page object

<%@ page language= "java" contenttype= "text/html;charset=gb2312"%> <%@ page info= "This is the page Object practic E "%>

The Config object: can be used to obtain configuration information for the servlet. The main purpose of the Config object is to obtain the server configuration information. A config object can be obtained by using the Getservletconfig () method of the Pageconext object. When a servlet initializes, the container passes some information through the Config object to the servlet. Developers can provide initialization parameters for servlet programs and JSP pages in the application environment in the Web. xml file.

Method	return value type	Method description
Getinitparameter (name)	String	Get servlet initialization parameters
Getinitparameternames ()	Enumeration	Get all initialization parameter names of the servlet
Getservletcontext ()	ServletContext	Get Current application context
Getservletname ()	String	Get the servlet name

Ix. Exception object: Used to handle error exceptions, if you want to use the exception object, you must specify the Iserrorpage property value in the page to True.

Example: Exception to handle error exceptions

1. Page with Error: error.jsp

<%@ page language= "java" contenttype= "text/html;charset=gb2312" errorpage= "exceptiondemo01.jsp"%>

Note: error.jsp in arr[3] array The following table is out of bounds. You specify the property value of ErrorPage in the page directive as the appropriate exception handler.

2. Exception Handling page: exceptiondo.jsp

<%@ page language= "java" contenttype= "text/html;charset=gb2312" iserrorpage= "true"%> <% @page import= " Java.io.PrintStream "%>

Note: You must specify the property Iserrorpage property value to true in the page directive. This means that the page can be used for exception handling.

Array subscript out-of-bounds exception information in error.jsp will be printed in exceptiondo.jsp

JSP----Nine large built-in objects