Linux Basic Operations Command

Linux Operations Daily command Operations

1. Linux boot process

power on and bios on/off-boot lilo or grub-to-kernel boot (kernel boot)--Execute init (rc.sysinit, RC)--Mingetty (build terminal)--Shell

2, NIC binding multi-IP

Ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.1.99 netmask 255.255.255.0

3. Set up DNS, gateway

echo "NameServer 202.16.53.68" >>/etc/resolv.conf

Route add default GW 192.168.1.1

4, eject, recover the optical drive

Eject

Eject-t

5. Query yesterday's date with date

Date--date=yesterday

6, query file1 inside the line number of empty line

grep ^$ File

7. Query File1 the line ending with ABC

grep abc$ File1

8, print out the File1 file 1th to the third line

Sed-n ' 1,3p ' file1

Head-3 file1

9. Empty files

True > 1.txt

echo "" > 1.txt

> 1.txt

Cat/dev/null > 1.txt

10. Delete all empty directories

Find/data-type d-empty-exec rm-rf {} \;

11, Linux under the bulk delete empty files (size equals 0 files) method

Find/data-type f-size 0c-exec rm-rf {} \;

Find/data-type f-size 0c|xargs rm–f

12. Delete files from five days ago

Find/data-mtime +5-type f-exec rm-rf {} \;

13. Delete the duplicate parts of two files, print other

Cat 1.txt 3.txt |sort |uniq

14. Capturing the host name of the remote server

echo ' ssh $IP cat/etc/sysconfig/network|awk-f = '/hostname/{print $} '

15, real-time monitoring network card traffic (install iftop)

/usr/local/iftop/sbin/iftop-i Eth1-n

16. View the system version

Lsb_release-a

17, forced to kick out the landing user

Pkill-kill-t PTS/1

18, Tar add backup, restore

Tar-g KING-ZCVF kerry_full.tar.gz Kerry

Tar-g KING-ZCVF kerry_diff_1.tar.gz Kerry

Tar-g KING-ZCVF kerry_diff_2.tar.gz Kerry

TAR-ZXVF kerry_full.tar.gz

TAR-ZXVF kerry_diff_1.tar.gz

TAR-ZXVF kerry_diff_2.tar.gz

19, forwarding the local 80 port request to 8080 port, the current host external network IP is 202.96.85.46

-A prerouting-d 202.96.85.46-p tcp-m tcp--dport 80-j DNAT--to-destination 192.168.9.10:8080

20, in November, every day in the morning 6 to 12, every 2 hours to perform a/usr/bin/httpd.sh.

Crontab-e

0 6-12/2 */usr/bin/httpd.sh

21. View the process that occupies port 8080

NETSTAT-TNLP | grep 8080

lsof-i:8080

22, in the shell environment, how to see how long the remote Linux system has been running?

SSH [email protected] Monitored host IP "uptime"

23. View CPU Usage Commands

"" refreshes every 5 seconds with data on the right side of the CPU's occupancy rate

Vmstat 5

Top then press Shift+p to sort by process processor occupancy

Top

24. View memory Usage commands

"" View memory usage with the free command

Free-m

Top and then press Shift+m to sort by process memory usage

Top

25. View disk I/O

"" Use Iostat to see disk I/O for disk/DEV/SDC3, refreshed every two seconds

Iostat-d-X/DEV/SDC3 2

26. Repair File System

Fsck–yt ext3/

-t specifies the file system

-Y answer Yes to the problem found automatically

27. The read command automatically exits after 5 seconds

Read-t 5

28. What does GREP-E-P mean

-E,--EXTENDED-REGEXP uses extended regular expressions.

-p,--perl-regexp using Perl Regular expressions

29, vi Editor (related to modify, add, find)

Insert (insert) mode

I insert before cursor

I Insert the beginning of the cursor

A after the cursor is inserted

A Cursor Line End insertion

o Insert a row below the line where the cursor is inserted

O insert a row on the line where the cursor is inserted, beginning with

G moves to the beginning of the last line

NG moves to the beginning of the nth row

n+ down n lines, beginning of line

N-row, beginning

: The/str/moves from the current to the right to the place with Str

:? str? Move from current to left to a place with Str

: S/str1/str2/replaces the first str1 found with str2

: S/str2/str2/g replaces all str1 found in the current row with str2

: N1,n2s/str1/str2/g replaces all str1 found from N1 line to N2 line with STR2

: 1,.s/str1/str2/g replaces all str1 from line 1th to the current row with str2

:., $s/str1/str2/g replace all str1 from the current row to the last row with str2

30. Copying files between Linux servers

Copy local file 1.sh to the/data/directory of the remote 192.168.9.10 server

scp/etc/1.sh [Email protected]:/data/

Copy Remote 192.168.9.10 server/data/2.sh file to local/data/directory

SCP [email protected]:/data/2.sh/data/

31. Use the SED command to change the test on line 23rd of the Test.txt file to Tset.

Sed-i ' 23s/test/tset/' test.txt

Sed-i ' s/test/tset/' test.txt

32. Enable the history command to show the time

Export histtimeformat= "%F%T"

33, how to view the target host 192.168.0.1 open those ports

Nmap-ps 192.168.0.1

34. How to view network connection

Netstat-n | awk '/^tcp/{++s[$NF]} END {for (a in S) print A, s[a]} '

35, how to view the current system used those library files

Ldconfig-v

36, how to view the driver version of the network card

Ethtool-i eth0

37. Use Tcpdump to monitor 80 ports of TCP for host 192.168.0.1

Tcpdump TCP Port host 192.168.0.1

38, how to see other users of the mailing list

Mial-u King

39, the large file for cutting

Split by 1000 lines per file

Split-l Httperr8007.log Httperr

Split according to 5m per file

Split-b 5m Httperr8007.log Httperr

40. Merging files

Remove the set of two files (duplicate lines retain only one copy)
Cat File1 File2 | Sort | Uniq
Remove the intersection of two files (Leave only files that exist in two files at the same time)
Cat File1 File2 | Sort | Uniq-d
Delete the intersection and leave the other rows
Cat File1 File2 | Sort | Uniq–u

41. Print the service running in text mode

Chkconfig--list|awk ' $5~/on/{print $1,$5} '

Linux Basic Operations Command