"Linux" Bird's Linux private cuisine basic study finishing (ii)

1. dumpe2fs [-BH] devicename: query superblock information.
Parameters:
-B: Lists the parts that are reserved for bad lanes;
-H: Lists the data for the Superblock and does not list other section content.

2. DF [-ahikhtm] directory or file name: Lists the amount of defrag disk usage for the file system.
Parameters:
-A: Lists all file systems, including system-specific/proc, etc.
-K: Displays the file system in KB capacity;
-M: Displays the file system in MB capacity;
-H: By people easy to read GB, MB, KB and other formats to display their own;
-H: Replace m=1024k with m=1000k;
-T: Also listed with the file system name of the partition;
-I: Do not use the hard disk capacity, but the number of inode to represent.

3. du [-ahskm] directory or file name.
Parameters:
-A: Lists all files and directory capacity, because the default is only the amount of files under the statistics directory;
-H: Displayed in a volume format (g/m) that is easier for people to read;
-S: Lists the total, not the capacity of each directory;
-S: does not include totals under subdirectories, and is somewhat different from-s;
-K: Displays the capacity in kilobytes;
-M: Displays the capacity in megabytes.

4. LN [-SF] sourcefile desfile: Connection file.
Parameters:
-S: If you do not add any parameters to connect, is a hard connection,-S is a symbolic connection;
-F: If the file exists, proactively delete the target file after it is created.

5. Fdisk [-l] Device name: Disk partition
Parameters:
-L: Outputs all of the partition contents of the device after it is connected. If only fdisk-l is available, the system will list the partitions of the devices that can be found in the entire system.
Supported Keys:
D:delete a partition delete a partition;
N:add a new partition a new partition;
P:print The partition table displays the partition tables on the screen;
Q:quit without saving changes not stored, leave the FDISK program;
W:write table to disk and exit writes the operation back to the partition table and leaves the FDISK program;
M:HELP Displays help information.

6. mkfs [-T file system format] device name: format.
Parameters:
-T: The file format can be received, such as Ext3, ext2, VFAT, etc. (System support will only work).

7. Mke2fs [-B Block Size] [-I block size] [-l volume label] [-CJ] Device name: verbose format.
Parameters:
-B: You can set the size of each block, currently supports 102, 2048, 4096bytes three kinds;
-I: How much capacity to give an inode;
-C: Check disk errors, only one time-C, will be a quick read test, if released two times-c-c, will be read and write test;
-L: followed by the name of the volume label;
-j: Originally MKE2FS is EXT2, join-J, will actively join Journal and become EXT3.

8. fsck [-t file system] [-acay] Device name: Disk inspection.
Parameters:
-T: Specifies the file system format;
-A: Scan the required equipment according to/etc/fstab content;
-A: Automatic repair of problematic sectors inspected;
-Y: Similar to a, but some file systems only support the-y parameter;
C: You can use a histogram to show the current progress during the test.
Additional parameters for EXT2/EXT3:
-F: Mandatory check, in general, if FSCK does not find any unclean flag will not be active into the refinement check,-f means to force a refinement check;
-D: Optimized configuration for directories under the file system.

9. badblocks [-SVW] Device name: Disk check.
Parameters:
-S: Show progress on the screen;
-V: Can be seen on the screen;
-W: Test with Write, it is recommended not to use this parameter, especially if the file to be checked already has a file.

Mount [-al] [-t file System format] [-l volume label] [-O extra Options] [-n] Device file name mount point: Mount.
Parameters:
-A: All non-mounted disks are mounted according to the data of the configuration file/etc/fstab;
-L: Input mount will display the Mount information, and the volume label will be displayed by adding-l;
-T: Specifies the file system format to be mounted;
-N: By default, the system writes the actual hang-up condition to the/etc/fstab to facilitate the operation of other programs. However, in some cases, use-n
Can not be written;
-L: Mount with device label;
-O: Additional parameters such as account number, password, read/write privileges, etc.:
RO,RW: Mount file system is called read-only or writable;
Async,sync: Specifies synchronous write or asynchronous write, default is asynchronous write;
Auto,noauto: Whether this partition is allowed to be automatically mounted with mount-a;
Dev,nodev: Whether this partition is allowed to create device files;
Suid,nosuid: Whether this partition is allowed to contain suid/sgid file format;
Exec,noexec: Whether this partition is allowed to have executable binary files;
User,nouser: Whether this partition is allowed to be mounted by any user, default to Nouser;
Defaults: The default value is Rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser and sync;
Remount: Re-mount.

Umount [-FN] device file name or mount point: Uninstall.
Parameters:
-F: Forced uninstallation;
-N: Uninstall without updating/etc/mtab.

Mknod device file name [bcp] [Major] [Minor]: Disk parameter modification.
Parameters:
Type of equipment:
B: The device file becomes an external storage device file, such as a disk;
C: The device file becomes an external input device file, such as mouse/keyboard, etc.;
P: The device file becomes a FIFO file.
Major: Main device code;
Minor: Secondary device code.

E2label Device Name New Volume Label: Modify the volume label name.

TUNE2FS [-JLL] Device Name: Modify disk parameters.
Parameters:
-L: Similar to dumpe2fs-h, showing the data within the superblock;
-J: Convert the Ext2 file system to ext3;
-L: Modify the volume label.