Linux boot mode (I)

Linux USB flash drive boot installation is a good method for which no optical drive is available, especially for ultra-portable laptops. You can create a boot disk, copy the content of the CD to the boot disk, and install it. There are two methods for Linux USB flash drive boot installation. Next we will introduce another one. This article describes how to install the Ubantu system.

The main steps are: first create a boot USB flash drive, then boot the computer from the USB flash drive, and install the Ubuntu system from the USB flash drive. We recommend that you use the latest Ubuntu version to create a boot USB flash drive. The following is a step-by-step introduction.

1. Overview

There is no doubt that boot from a USB flash drive is very convenient, but the premise is that its capacity must be large enough to accommodate at least about MB of installed CD content), so we recommend that the minimum capacity is 1 GB. In addition, we also need to use a software, namely SYSLINUX. In versions earlier than 3.00, this software only supports FAT16 file systems. In versions earlier than 3.00, SYSLINUX also supports FAT32. However, we recommend that you use the FAT16 file system because of its better compatibility.

After the USB flash drive is inserted, you can run the dmesg command or sudofdisk command to view the device name assigned to it by the system. For more information, see
If you encounter/dev/sdX1 in the future, replace X with your specific device address.

We can use two types of software to automatically create the USB flash drive, namely Unetbootin and LiveUSBcreator, or use a command line script isotostick. sh to automatically create and start the USB flash drive.

Ii. Automatic startup of USB flash drives

Unetbootin is a program with an image user interface. It can be used in Windows or Linux systems. The software realizes automatic creation of boot USB disks from ISO files. The software has two advantages: First, it has a friendly graphic user interface, we can easily use it to create an Ubuntu boot USB flash drive. Second, it can run on both Windows and Linux systems, you can even directly boot from liveCD to a CD in a Linux system .) .

If you need to activate the original Ubuntulivecd boot menu, for example, if you want to disable framebuffer or you want to read the help screen and cheatcodes of Ubuntulivecd, after UNetbootin is installed, modify the USB flash drive as follows: First, delete SYSLINUX. CFG file, or rename it SYSLINUX. OLD; then, switch to the ISOLINUX folder and set the ISOLINUX. the CFG file is renamed to SYSLINUX. CFG. Finally, move the ISOLINUX folder to the outermost layer and rename it to SYSLINUX.

LiveUSBcreator also has a graphical user interface, but can only run under LiveCD. The software can automatically create an Ubuntu boot USB drive from UbuntuLiveCD. The method is very simple. First Run LiveCD and install the LiveUSBcreator software. Then you can use the system management menu to start the USB disk to install the Ubuntu system.

Isotostick. sh is a shell script that runs in Linux. We can download the script and run the following command to create a boot USB flash drive:
Sudoapt-getinstallsyslinuxmtools
Wgethttp: // www. startx. ro/sugar/isotostick. sh
Chmod + xisotostick. sh
Sudo./isotostick. shubuntu-7.10-desktop-i386.iso/dev/sdX1

Do not forget to replace the above/dev/sdX1 with the actual partition name of the USB flash drive. When the script tries to copy the symbols to connect/dists/stable and/dists/unstable, it will receive an error message similar to "operationnotpermitted" because the FAT16 file system cannot process the symbolic link, but don't worry, because it has no impact on our work.

Now that we have created a USB drive for Linux ubantu boot and installation, We can boot and install the Ubuntu system from this disk, in fact, the subsequent installation is no different from the CD installation. I will not go into details.

◆ After installation, edit/etc/fstab to direct/media/cdrom0 to the CD drive rather than the USB drive. If this is not done, you will receive an error message "Cannotmountvolume. Invalidmountoptionwhenattemptingtomountthevolume" when mounting the USB flash drive ". This is because the installer thinks it is being installed from the CD drive.

To edit/etc/fstab, you must first open it. The command is as follows:
Sudogedit/etc/fstab

Find the following content usually at the bottom of the file ):
/Dev/sdb1/media/cdrom0udf, iso9660user, noauto, exec, utf800

Add a # At the beginning of the line to comment it out, as shown below:
#/Dev/sdb1/media/cdrom0udf, iso9660user, noauto, exec, utf800

Of course, if you like, you can rename the actual cdrom mount point to/media/cdrom0.

Save the file to complete the automatic boot installation of the Linux USB flash drive.

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