Linux Common commands

"Linux Command"

LS lists the files in the current directory

PWD Current Path

CD changes the current path

Touch Create File

mkdir Creating a Folder

Clear Empty Command Window

Ls-a display all files in the current directory (including hidden files)

LS-L displays all files in the current directory as a list

Ls-h file calculation size style display

Ls-alh Mixing

ls--help view ls parameter documentation

Man ls ls parameter document (separate page, Q key launched)

TAB Auto-Complete

Two times tab displays all files or paths that can be complete

gedit filename Open a file with an editor

Cat file name view file contents (b page forward, F page backward) can view multiple file contents at the same time

More filename percent Paging Form view file contents (b page forward, F page backward)

Historical History Command (! History number command to perform historical numbering)

RM File name Delete file

The LS character + "*" number lists the file that begins with the character (the asterisk is a wildcard character and can be adapted to any characters)

ls character + "?" Number lists files that begin with a character (? is also a wildcard, but can only fit one character)

LS character + "[12345]" + character lists files with a number in the middle and ranges between 1 and 5

ls > Abc.txt Save the results of LS to abc.txt (redirect)

The results of LS >> abc.txt save LS are appended to the Abc.txt (also redirected)

Ls-alh/bin | More save the file under the bin as a list to the pipeline, and use more to view

Command 1; command 2 multiple commands are separated by semicolons, and the results are displayed together

Cd..　　/.. Go back to the first layer of the path

CD-Go back to the last directory (remember only once)

CD ~ Skip Home Directory

CTRL + C does not execute commands

Tree displays the directory trees under the current path

mkdir a/b/c/d/e-p Creating nested folders (-p for automatic creation)

RmDir folder to delete empty folders

RM Folder-R can be deleted unless empty folder (-R for recursive folder)

MV original filename new filename update file name

MV filename Path moves the file to the specified path

Ln-s file name Shortcut name Soft Connect (equivalent to creating a shortcut to a file)

ln filename Shortcut name hard link (equivalent to a new name for the file data)

The difference between soft and hard links: The soft connection is invalid when the file is deleted, but the hard link is still valid

LS-LH will show the number of hard links in the file, and the system will actually delete the file if the number of hard links is 0 o'clock.

grep "string" filename to go to the file to find the string containing the specified string

Grep-n "string" filename to go to the file to find the string containing the specified string, and display the number of rows

Grep-v "string" filename to go to the file to find a string that does not contain the specified string (inverse selection)

grep "^ string" filename go to the file to find the string at the beginning of the specified string

grep "string $" file name go to the file to find the string at the end of the specified string

CP filename Path Copy file to specified path

CP Folder path-r copy folder to specified path

Find/-name "*name*" finds files with name in the root directory (not enough permissions to add sudo)

TAR-CVF Test.tar *.py Package all py files to Test.tar

TAR-XVF Test.tar Decompression Test.tar

TAR-ZCVF test.tar.gz *.py Package and compress all py files to test.tar.gz

ll is equivalent to Ls-la

TAR-ZXVF test.tar.gz Decompression test.tar.gz

TAR-JCVF yyy.tar.bz2 *.py compressed into bz2 asked file

TAR-JXVF yyy.tar.bz2 Decompression

Zip zzz.zip *.py Compression

Unzip Zzz.zip Decompression

The location of the which command command

Ps-aux View All Processes

Top current process performance changes in real time

Htop more detailed process performance

Kill-9 Process ID Kill process (-9 coercion)

Shutdown-h now 20:20 20:20 close the machine immediately

Reboot restart

Current computer usage of DF

Ifconfig Viewing network information

Ifconfig | grep 172 looks for network information starting with 172

sudo useradd account name-M Create a new account (can be seen under home)

CAT/ETC/PASSWD View Account

sudo passwd account name set account password

SU account name switch account

WHOAMI View Current account name

Exit exiting current Account

Linux is a multi-user multitasking system, and win is not a multi-user system

SSH user name @ip address remote login to a computer a user

ctrl+shift+t Ubuntu Command Window opens multiple windows

Who accounts are landing

sudo userdel account name Delete account

sudo userdel-r account name Delete account and home directory

Su-account name switch account at the same time switch home directory

Sudo-s switch to Super admin root

RWXRWXRWX File Owner rights + permissions of the same group + other people's rights (readable writable executable)

chmod u=rwx 2.py Modify owner file permissions

chmod G=rx 2.py Modify the same group file permissions

chmod o=rwx 2.py Modify other people file permissions

chmod u=rw,g=rx,o=rwx 2.py Modify file permissions at the same time

chmod 137 2.py Simultaneously modify file permissions (r=4,w=2,x=1 combination)

sudo groupadd group name creates a group

groupmod+ the TAB key to display all group names several times

sudo userdel group name Delete Group

CHGRP new group name file name to change files to a new group

Chown New User's file name to modify the owner to the new user

"VI command"(vi and VIM Universal)

Vim filename New File

I insert before cursor (command mode, edit mode)

I (uppercase i) insertion at the top of the cursor line (command mode, edit mode)

A post-cursor insertion (command mode, edit mode)

A cursor is inserted at the end of the line (command mode, edit mode)

o Cursor Next line insertion (command mode, edit mode)

O line insertion on the row of the cursor (command mode, edit mode)

I (uppercase i) insertion at the top of the cursor line (command mode, edit mode)

ESC enters command mode

Colon into the last line mode (command mode, last line mode)

Wq Save exit

(Command line mode)

YY Copy the cursor in this line (a few lines before adding a number)

P paste below the line where the cursor is located

DD cut the line of the cursor (preceded by a few lines to cut the number of rows)

H cursor moves to the left

L MOVE the cursor to the right

J Cursor moves down

K Move up the cursor

M cursor moves to the middle row of the current page

L cursor moves to the bottom of the current page

H cursor moves to the top of the current page

Ctrl+f PAGE Down

Ctrl+b PAGE Up

Number +g cursor jumps to the first few lines

G cursor jumps to the bottom

GG cursor jumps to the first line

W jumps back to the beginning of the next word

B jumps forward to the beginning of the previous word

D cut the contents of the cursor to the end of the line

U undo just the action

Ctrl+r Anti-Revocation

D0 cut the contents of the cursor to the beginning of the line

X Delete the character at the current cursor location

X Delete one character before the current cursor

V. V Select a piece of code

>> move code to the right

<< move code to the left

. Duplicate Code Execution

{Jumps up one code fragment

Skip down one code snippet

R replaces one character

R replace cursor and subsequent characters

/String Lookup string (n find the next n to go up the previous)

:%s/string/new string/g Replace all strings into new string

1,10s/string/new string/g Replace all strings between the first line and line 10th into a new string

Q exit

Q! Do not save exit

Shift+zz Save exit

"Directory Structure"

/root directory

Bin installation Program

Boot UBUNTN Boot Related

CDROM disc related

Dev Device Related

ETC configuration

LIB Library

Home Directory

. Current path

.. Previous Layer Path

Linux Common commands