Linux Disk Management practices

Problem description

The little partner of the Institute is reacting to me. The Confluence knowledge management system in the laboratory cannot upload attachments, and after troubleshooting, it df is found that disk space is insufficient, use the command to view disk usage such as:

The lab's file server has three hard disks, 250GB, 1TB, 1TB respectively, the corresponding device filenames are,,, /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 but the /dev/sda3 figure sees only two hard disk information, because the second disk as a physical RAID1 back up the third disk.

Now the file system mount information is as follows:

Disk Partitioning	Device Name	size	Available Utilization	mount point
Disk1 Partition1	/dev/sda1	194MB	62%	/boot
Disk1 Partition2	/dev/sda2	40GB	100%	/
Disk1 Partition4	/dev/sda4	104GB	31%	/var/ftp/cluster
DISK3 Partition1	/dev/sdc1	917GB	2%	/home

You can see du that the working directory of Confluence /var/atlassian has occupied 22GB with the following command:

[root@archlab-server2 /]# du -sh /var/atlassian/22G     /var/atlassian/

When the server was set up when the disk planning is unreasonable, leading to the current lack of disk space phenomenon. The only way to remedy this is to repartition the disk partition, and the initial plan is to complete the following two steps:

• Reduce the size of partition 1 on disk 3 and add a new partition on disk 3;
• Mount the new partition to the /var/atlassian directory, copy the files from the previous directory on disk 1 to the new partition and free up the previous partition space.

Reduce partition size

First, reduce the size of the first partition of the DISK3, because the partition is already mounted to the /home directory, so first unmount the partition (make a backup before uninstalling, copy the directory to another partition), and use the umount command to unload:

[[email protected] /]# umount /dev/sdc1is busy.        someaboutthat use         theisby lsof(8or fuser(1))

Information that prompts the device to be busy because the directory is being /home used by a process, fuser You can use the command to terminate all processes that use the directory:

[root@archlab-server2 /]# fuser -km /home/home:                2639m

Then complete the uninstallation. You can now resize the partition in two ways: one using command-line commands and the other using graphical software GParted. In fact, the graphical software is also called the Linux command to achieve, here for the sake of simplicity I installed GParted, using the software to complete the resizing of the partition (the software operation is very simple, not much to say), such as:

will be /dev/sdc1 adjusted to nearly 420GB.

New Partition

Next, on the unassigned more than 500 GB to separate a partition (200GB), you can also use GParted to allocate, here I use fdisk the command to complete:

[Email protected]/]# fdisk/dev/sdcwarning:dos-compatible mode is deprecated. It ' s strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command ' C ') and change display units to sectors (Comman d ' u '). Command (M for help): pdisk/dev/sdc:1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes255 heads, sectors/track, 121601 cylindersunits = C Ylinders of 16065 * 8225280 = bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/4096 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): 4 096 bytes/4096 bytesdisk identifier:0x358b358b Device BootStart         EndBlocks Id SYSTEM/DEV/SDC1 *1       54721   439544800+7Hpfs/ntfspartition1Does not Start  onPhysical Sector Boundary.command (m forHelp): NcommandActionE Extended PPrimaryPartition (1-4) ppartition Number(1-4):2 FirstCylinder (54721-121601,default 54721):Using default value 54721 LastCylinder, +cylindersor+size{K,m,g} (54721-121601,default 121601): + $Gexpert Command (M forHelp): Wthe partitionTablehas been altered!

The instruction m can be used to list the meaning of all instructions, the instruction p print out all the partition information of the disk,n Create a partition, enter information about the new partition (such as the type of partition, the beginning of the partition, etc.), where the new partition is assigned 200GB Space, enter W after completion to perform the actual operation, change the partition table.

formatting partitions

To format the file system after the partition is complete, use the mkfs command to specify the type of the format file system:

[root@archlab-server2 /]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdc2

Mount Partition

After adding and formatting a partition, go to the final step and mount the partition to the /var/atlassian directory with the following steps:

1. will be /dev/sdc3 mounted to a temporary directory, such as/home/tmp
2. To /var/atlassian /home/tmp free up space by cutting all files under the directory /dev/sda2
3. Will /dev/sdc3 be /home/tmp uninstalled from the directory
4. The final /dev/sdc3 mount to the /var/atlassian next

Since all is mount done using and umount two commands, the command process is not written.

Then through the above steps to complete the /var/atlassian directory of data from the previously stored in the Disk 1 partition 2 to the new disk 3 partition 2 on the transfer,

Finally, we use the block device lsblk View command to view the system block device information:

[Root@archlab-server2/]# lsblkNAMEMAJ: MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTSDA8:0    0 149.1G0Disk├─sda18:1    0    $M0Part/boot├─sda28:2    0     +G0Part/├─sda38:3    0     4G0Part [SWAP]└─SDA48:4    0 104.9G0Part/var/ftp/clustersdb8: -   0 931.5G0Disk├─sdb18: -   0 931.5G0Partsdc8: +   0 931.5G0Disk├─sdc18: -   0 419.2G0Part/home└─sdc28: the   0 331.5G0Part/var/atlassian

Summarize

• Proficiency in several Disk Management commands--///// df du fdisk mkfs mount umount etc
• Understanding the concept of disk partitioning, file systems, mount points

Linux Disk Management practices