Linux distribution base directory naming and functions

Linux distribution base directory naming and functional directory configuration standard FHS

• Because of the wide variety of Linux distribution, there are also a lot of open teams and companies.

• In order to provide users with the usual location of installed software, the FHS (filesystem hierarchy Standard) file system hierarchy is introduced to standardize the directory structure of Linux, while ensuring that FHS is followed Developers of each Linux distribution can develop the unique style they want based on their intentions.

FHS defines the directory and content stored under the root file

• /bin: Basic command Program Files available to all users

• /sbin: A tool program for use by system administrators

• /boot: Each static file that the bootloader must use; Kernel,initramfs (INITRD), grub, etc.

• /dev: Store special files or device files;
  

  • There are two types of devices: Character devices (linear devices), block devices (random devices)

• /etc: The configuration file of the system program, only for static

• /home: The central location of the common family directory, usually the home directory of each normal user is the default subdirectory with the same name as the user name in this directory,/home/username:

• /root: Administrator's home directory; optional

• /lib: Provides a shared library for system startup or applications on the root file system (/bin,/sbin, etc.) and provides kernel modules for the kernel
  

  • Lib.so.*: Dynamically linked C library

  • ld*: Runtime linker/Loader

  • Moduless: The directory used to store kernel modules

• /LIB64:64-bit system-specific path for storing 64-bit shared libraries

• /media: Portable Device mount point, cdrom,floppy, etc.

• /MNT: Temporary mount point for other file systems

• /OPT: The installation location of the attached application; optional path

• /SRV: Data provided by the current host for the service

• /tmp: A directory to store temporary files for programs that generate temporary files, which can be used by all users for write operations; special permissions

• /USR:USR hierarchy, globally shared read-only data path
  

  • Bin,sbin

  • Lib,lib64

  • INCLUDE:C Program header File

  • Share: Storage location of schema-specific files such as command-book pages and self-documenting documents

  • Local: Another level directory

  • Installation location of the X11r6:x-window program

  • SRC: Where the program source files are stored

• /usr/local:local hierarchy, let the system administrator install the local application, also commonly used to install third-party programs

• /var:var hierarchy, a directory that stores frequently changed data
  

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• /proc: A memory-based virtual file system used to store information about the kernel and its processes, many of which are kernel parameters, such as Net.ipv4.ip_forward, which are net/ipv4/ip_forward, so their full path is/proc/sys/net/ Ipv4/ip_forward

• The/SYS:SYSFS virtual file provides a more ideal way to access the kernel data than the proc; its main role is to provide a unified model interface for managing Linux devices.

This article is from the "Shannon View" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://xiangjis.blog.51cto.com/9430796/1952002

Linux distribution base directory naming and functions