Linux system Administrator Technology (Admin)-------Sixth day

? Configure the server's Yum repository

[Email protected] ~]# rm-rf/etc/yum.repos.d/*

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo

[DVD]

Name=dvd

baseurl=http://172.25.254.254/content/rhel7.0/x86_64/dvd/

Enabled=1

Gpgcheck=0

[email protected] ~]# yum clean all?? #清空缓存

[email protected] ~]# yum repolist??? #查看仓库信息

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Operations on the real machine:

[[Email protected] Desktop]# which rht-vmctl?

/usr/local/bin/rht-vmctl

[[Email protected] Desktop]# crontab-e-u root

[[Email protected] Desktop]# crontab-l-u root

8 * * *?/USR/LOCAL/BIN/RHT-VMCTL Reset Classroom

8 * * *?/USR/LOCAL/BIN/RHT-VMCTL Reset Server

8 * * *?/usr/local/bin/rht-vmctl Reset Desktop

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? Add:? Vim? Command mode? YY can copy the current line where the cursor is located

????????????? p Paste

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Tracks: Track

Sector: Sector?? 512 bytes

Head: Head

Cylinder: Cylinder

"Art" tour of a hard drive

? Identify the hard disk and partition Plan = + format and mount using

? Mbr/msdos partition mode

–1~4 primary partition, or 0~3 primary partition + one extended partition (n

Logical partitions)

– Maximum supported disks with a capacity of 2.2TB

– Extended partitions cannot be formatted

First, check that there are currently those disks

[Email protected] ~]# ls/dev/vd*

[Email protected] ~]# lsblk?

Ii. Division of partitions

? View Partition Table

[Email protected] ~]# fdisk-l/DEV/SDA

[Email protected] ~]# FDISK/DEV/VDB

Common Interactive directives:

M list instructions Help

P View the existing partition table

N New Partition

D Delete Partition

Q Discard Changes and exit

W Save changes and exit

# fdisk?/dev/vdb

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?? n Create a new partition-----> Enter-----> enter----> enter-----> at the end of the last +1g

?? P View Partition Table

?? d Delete a partition

?? q do not save exit

?? w Save and exit

# ls?/dev/vdb[1-3]

# lsblk---------See if/dev/vd*

Third, the format of

? MKFS Tool Set

–MKFS.EXT3 Partition Device Path

–MKFS.EXT4 Partition Device Path

–MKFS.XFS Partition Device Path

–MKFS.VFAT-F 32 Partition Device path

[Email protected] ~]# MKFS.EXT3/DEV/VDB1

[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext4/dev/vdb2 (common Ext4)

[Email protected] ~]# MKFS.XFS/DEV/VDB3

? Iv. Mounting Use

[Email protected] ~]# Mkdir/part1

[Email protected] ~]# Mkdir/part2

[Email protected] ~]# MKDIR/PART3

[Email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vdb1?/part1

[Email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vdb2?/part2

[Email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vdb3?/part3

? v. View Mount Usage

[[email protected] ~]# DF-H (DF-HT)-----See full information

[Email protected] ~]# #mount/dev/vdb1?/mnt

[Email protected] ~]# #cp-r/home/*?/mnt/

[Email protected] ~]# #rm-rf/home/*

[Email protected] ~]# #umount/mnt/

[Email protected] ~]# #mount/dev/vdb1/home

# fdisk?/dev/vdb

?? P view partition table?????????

?? n Create a new partition

? ? ? -----> Enter----> Start Enter-----> End Carriage Return all space to the extended partition

?? P View Partition Table

?? n Create a new partition-----> Start Carriage------> End +1g

?? n Create a new partition-----> Start Carriage------> End +1g

?? P View Partition Table

?? w Save and exit

[Email protected] ~]# ls/dev/vdb*

[[email protected] ~]# partprobe???? #刷新分区表

[Email protected] ~]# ls/dev/vdb*

[Email protected] ~]# lsblk

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Boot auto mount?/etc/fstab

?? – Device Path????????????????? Backup tag?? Detection sequence

? /DEV/VDB3/part3 xfs? defaults?? 0??? 0

? /dev/vdb2/part2? ext4? Defaults?? 0??? 0

Add: Blkid? View partition UUID? file system

?? – Device Path????????????????? Backup tag?? Detection sequence

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/fstab?

[Email protected] ~]# Tail-2/etc/fstab

?/dev/vdb3??/part3? Xfs?? defaults? 0 0

?/dev/vdb2??/part2? Ext4? Defaults? 0 0

[email protected] ~]# mount?-A

Detect/etc/fstab Boot automatically mount profile, format is correct

Detects/etc/fstab, writes complete, but does not currently mount the device, mounts

[[email protected] ~]# DF?-H

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Summarize:

? 1. Lsblk??? view hard disk information

? 2. Fdisk??? partition

? 3. Partprobe? Refreshing a new partition table

? 4. Mkfs.xfs? formatting partitions

? 5. Mount??? load test

? 6. /etc/fstab Boot Auto Mount

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Divide/dev/vdc[1-3] Primary partition 10G, partition extended partition, divide two logical partition 10G

# fdisk?/dev/vdc

?? P view partition table??

?? n Create a new partition

? ? ? ------> Return---> Enter---> Carriage return---> +10g at the end of last?

? ??

?? n Create a new partition

? ? ? -----> Enter----> Start Enter-----> End Carriage Return all space to the extended partition

?? P View Partition Table

?? n Create a new partition-----> Start Carriage------> End +10g

?? P View Partition Table

?? w Save and exit

# Ls/dev/vdc[1-6]

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? LVM logical Volumes

? 1. Managing Scattered spaces

? 2. Extended domain reduction for logical volume dynamics

??

? A number of physical volumes (PV) are first formed into a volume group (VG), in which logical volumes (LVS) are divided from the volume group

?

?? flour---------> Dough-------> Small dough------> steaming-------> Use

?? brick------------> Floor----------> Partition--------> Decoration------> Use

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First, create physical volumes and volume groups

?? vgcreate? Volume group name?? partition

[Email protected] ~]# vgcreate MYVG?/dev/vdc[1-2]

[Email protected] ~]# PVs? #显示物理卷基本信息

[Email protected] ~]# VGS? #显示卷组基本信息

Ii. Creating a logical volume

? Lvcreate. l? Logical volume size?-n The name of the logical volume? Volume Group name

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

[Email protected] ~]# lvcreate-l 16g-n mylv MYVG

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

[[email protected] ~]# LVS (lvdisplay)----View instructions for logical volumes

Third, use the logical volume LV

[Email protected] ~]# MKFS.EXT4/DEV/MYVG/MYLV-----Formatted partition

[Email protected] ~]# MKDIR/LVM

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/fstab?

/dev/myvg/mylv? /LVM? Ext4? Defaults 0 0

[email protected] ~]#? mount-a

[email protected] ~]#? df-h

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? Logical volume expansion, support for on-line operation

One, the volume group has enough space left

? 1. Space for direct expansion of logical volumes

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

[[email protected] ~]# LVS

[Email protected] ~]# lvextend-l 18G/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

[Email protected] ~]# LVs???????????????????????????????

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

? 2. Size of the extended file system

??

?? extension Ext4 file system?: RESIZE2FS/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

?? extended XFS File system?: XFS_GROWFS/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

[Email protected] ~]# df-h

[Email protected] ~]# RESIZE2FS/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

[Email protected] ~]# df-h

Second, the volume group does not have enough space left

? 1. Expand the volume group first

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

[[email protected] ~]# LVS

[Email protected] ~]# vgextend MYVG/DEV/VDC3

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

2. Directly extend the space of the logical volume

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

[[email protected] ~]# LVS

[Email protected] ~]# lvextend-l 25G/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

[Email protected] ~]# LVs???????????????????????????????

[Email protected] ~]# VGS

3. Size of the extended file system

[Email protected] ~]# df-h

[Email protected] ~]# RESIZE2FS/DEV/MYVG/MYLV

[Email protected] ~]# df-h

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Set PE size when creating a volume group

–vgcreate-s pe size? Volume group name? Free partition ...

? PE: Unit of volume Group dividing space, 4M

? The number of lvcreate-l PE?-n test? Volume Group name

[Email protected] ~]# vgchange-s 1M MYVG

[Email protected] ~]# vgdisplay MYVG?

[Email protected] ~]# lvcreate-l 50-n test? myvg

[[email protected] ~]# LVS

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Managing Swap Space

? Equivalent to virtual memory,

– Use disk space to simulate memory when physical memory is not sufficient

– To some extent alleviate the problem of low memory

– Swap partition: Swap space acting as an idle partition

[Email protected] ~]# MKSWAP/DEV/VDC5? #格式化SWAP命令

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s????? #查看SWAP状态

[Email protected] ~]# SWAPON/DEV/VDC5? #启用交换空间

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s???????

[Email protected] ~]# MKSWAP/DEV/VDC6

[Email protected] ~]# SWAPON/DEV/VDC6

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

[Email protected] ~]# SWAPOFF/DEV/VDC5? #停用交换空间

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

[Email protected] ~]# swapoff/dev/vdc6? #停用交换空间

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

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? Add: Vim command mode? Press O to insert another line

?? auto mount on Boot

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/fstab?

/dev/vdc5???? Swap swap? Defaults? 0 0

[[email protected] ~]# swapon-a?? #专用于检测swap分区

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

[Email protected] ~]# blkid/dev/vdc6? #查看设备UUID的信息

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/fstab?

Uuid= "5bbbb9cf-bb65-4b55-80b0-c54b722c2759" swap swap? Defaults 0 0

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-a

[Email protected] ~]# swapon-s

? ?

Linux system Administrator Technology (Admin)-------Sixth day