Linux Getting Started Basics (10) command line Text processing tools

Search based on keyword

Command grep is used to search for text based on keywords

$ grep ' Shuangde '/etc/passwd

$ find/-user Shuangde | grep video

-I ignores case when searching

-N Displays the number of rows in which the result

-V output lines with no keywords

-ax the specified number of rows after the result is included in the output

-BX the specified number of rows before the result is included in the output

Working with text based on columns

Command cut is used to process text content based on columns

$ cut-d:-F 1/etc/passwd separated by a colon and displays the first column of the passwd file (if multiple columns are displayed:-F 1,2,3)

$ grep shuangde/etc/passwd | Cut-d:-F3

-d Specifies the Separator (tab is the default)

-f Specifies the output column number

-C segmentation based on character

$ cut-c2-6/etc/passwd

Display 2nd to 6th character

Text statistics

Command WC (Word count) to count text information

$ WC file output line number, Word number, number of bytes

-L (lines): Only count rows

-W (words): count only words

-C (bytes): Only count bytes

-M (chars): only count characters

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Text sorting

Sort command: To sort the line contents of text (English and numeric only)

$ sort filename

-R Reverse Order

-N sort based on numbers

-F ignores case

-U Delete Duplicate rows

-T C use C as a separator to sort columns

-K x Specifies the sort based on that column when the sort based on the specified character is divided into columns

Delete duplicate rows

$ sort-u can delete duplicate rows

$ uniq to delete adjacent duplicate rows

Text comparisons

diff Command: Compare differences between two text files in one row

$ diff file1 File2

-I ignores case

-B ignores changes in the number of spaces

-U Displays comparison information uniformly (typically used to generate patch files)

$ diff-u file1 file2 > Final.patch

Spell check

Aspell command: Show check spelling in English

$ Aspell Check file checks the spelling of the word in the filename and can be corrected

$ Aspell list file to put the wrong words inside the files and show them

Working with text content

TR command: Change or delete text content

Delete a keyword

$ Tr-d ' TMD ' < filename erase t,m,d three letters

Convert case

$ Tr ' A-Z ' ' A-Z ' < filename

Search Replace

SED command: To search for and replace text (stream editor for filtering and transforming text.)

$ sed ' s/linux/unix/g ' file

$ sed ' 1,50s/linux/unix/g ' file

$ Sed-e ' s/linux/unix/g '-e ' s/hehe/haha/g ' file can specify multiple matching modes

$ sed-f Sededit File