Linux Introduction and vendor version

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1. Introduction to Linux

Linux can be defined in both narrow and generalized ways. In a narrow sense, Linux actually refers to the Linux kernel (kernel). The kernel is responsible for managing the hardware and providing interfaces for upper-level applications. In a broad sense, it refers to Linux versions (distribution), which are based on Linux kernel, including the OS and various applications. Despite the seemingly dazzling version, in fact, each version is just the same, the difference is often reflected in the customer base, upgrade maintenance and interface.

Linus Torvalds is the father of Linux. He wrote the first to the Linux kernel based on the code of the Minix system, referring to the design of the UNIX system. Linus's pioneering purpose is to open up the code of the Linux kernel. Later, the Linux kernel and a set of open-source application software GNU combined to take the open source agreement, and rapid development of maturity. We are free to use and modify open source code, but the programs developed on this basis are also open to open source protocols. The open source nature of Linux and GNU has attracted a large number of good programmers involved in Linux-related development.

From Philosophy and design philosophy, Linux is similar to other versions of UNIX and uses similar interfaces. We can learn about other Unix systems by learning the basic concepts and mechanisms of Linux, such as Solaris, FreeBSD, and the Mac OS of the FreeBSD-based Apple company. The rise of Windows once made many people think that UNIX would eventually be replaced by Windows, but now that the Linux and Apple products are thriving, I am impressed by the power of the UNIX system.

Linux has the following important mechanisms: A file system for storing data and managing permissions, a text manipulation API for IO, a process for managing operations, multi-threading for multi-tasking, and interprocess communication (I also classify signals and networks into this category).

Some of the following articles are especially recommended so that you have an overview of Linux:

The cathedral and the Bazaar (the cathedral and the Bazaar), author Eric Raymond

It can be said to be an article for Linux, in-depth analysis of the reasons for Linux success. You can also search for Chinese translations by name.

Other articles of the author are also well worth reading.

Unix legends, from the cool shell, author Chenhao

• Previous article: http://coolshell.cn/articles/2322.html
• Next article: http://coolshell.cn/articles/2324.html

(The author's blog is informative and easy to read, and is well worth subscribing to.) )

Linux Introduction and vendor version