Linux Learning Notes (iii)

1. Directory Issues
[Email protected] tmp]$ CD ~
[[email protected] ~]$ ls
Desktop Music Templates vmwaretools-10.0.5-3228253.tar.gz
Documents Pictures tmp Vmware-tools-distrib
Downloads Public Videos
[[Email protected] ~]$ CD tmp
[[email protected] tmp]$ ls
Demo.txt test.sv

[Email protected] tmp]$ CD ~
[Email protected] ~]$ cd/tmp
[[email protected] tmp]$ ls
SSH-CELJG8QCLI systemd-private-ed6wp3 Systemd-private-vetobu
SSH-LFPCYQGML5 systemd-private-eh7m2y systemd-private-x8ible
Ssh-mghwm1iacnif Systemd-private-gvwybi Systemd-private-xn7opi
Systemd-private-0spuse SYSTEMD-PRIVATE-IHRJDC Systemd-private-z2poph
systemd-private-bphu3q SYSTEMD-PRIVATE-JNMOVG Vmware-root
systemd-private-bruq6z systemd-private-ldfm68
Systemd-private-cn4way Systemd-private-pwxauq

As the result of the execution of the above two orders;
The first one:
CD ~ #回到用户家目录, if you are using root login, execute this command and return to the/root directory. If another user is logged in, it is returned to the/home/directory.
CD TMP represents the current user identity under the home directory TMP directory

The second one:
Cd/tmp represents the root directory/tmp directory below

2. ls command:
ls [-aadffhilnrrst] directory name
ls [--color={never,auto,always}] Directory name
ls [--full-time] directory name

Option no parameter:
-A: All files are listed together with the hidden file (files that begin with.) (common)
-A: All files, together with hidden files, but not included. And.. These two directories
-D: Lists only the directory itself, not the profile data in the directory (common)
-F: Lists the results directly without sorting (LS presets are sorted by file name!) )
-F: Give additional data structures based on information such as files, directories, etc., such as:
*: Represents the executable file;
/: Representative directory;
=: Represents the socket file;
|: represents FIFO file;
-H: List the file capacity in a more readable way (e.g. GB, KB, etc.);
-I: List inode numbers;
-L: Long data serial out, including the file attributes and permissions and so on data; (common)
-N: Lists the UID not the GID but the name of the user and the group;
-r: Reverse output of the sorting results, for example: the original file name from small to large, the reverse is from large to small;
-R: Together with subdirectory contents, all files in the directory will be displayed;
-S: Sort by file size, not by file name;
-T: Sort by time, not by file name.
--color=never: Do not give color display according to the file characteristics;
--color=always: Display Color
--color=auto: Let the system decide whether to give the color according to the setting
--full-time: Output in full time mode (package ton of year, month, day, hour, minute)
--time={atime,ctime}: Output access time or change the permission attribute time (CTime) instead of the content change time (modification times).

Example:
Ls-al ~--> List all the files in the home directory (including attributes and hidden files);
Ls-alf--color=never ~--> undertake above, do not display color but at the end of the file name shows the type of the filename represented (type)
LS-SL--full-time ~ Modified time of complete rendering profile

3. CP (copy files or directories)
CP [-ADFILPRSU] source file (source) destination file (destination)
CP [option] source1 source2 source3 ... directory

Options and Parameters:
-D: If the source file asks the property of the link file, the link file property is copied instead of the file itself;
-F: For force, if the target file already exists and cannot be opened, then try again after removing it;
-I: If the target file (destination) already exists, the action will be asked before overwriting; (common)
-L: The connection file for hard link is established rather than copying the file itself;
-P: Copy the past with the attributes of the archive, rather than using the default properties; (Backup common)
-R: Recursive continuous replication, used for directory replication behavior; (common)
-S: Copy as a symbolic link file (symbolic link), i.e. [shortcut] files;
-U: Update destination If destination is older than source.

Note: If the source file has more than two, then the last directory file must be [directory].

Example 1: Copy the Demo.txt under the home directory TMP to the folder share
[email protected] tmp]$ CP ~/tmp/demo.txt/mnt/hgfs/share
[Email protected] tmp]$ Cd/mnt/hgfs/share
[[email protected] share]$ ls
DEMO.SV Demo.txt test.sv

Example 2: Copy the Demo.txt under the home directory TMP to the folder share, repeat two actions, plus-I after the overwrite will ask whether the user is determined.
[email protected] share]$ CP ~/tmp/demo.txt/mnt/hgfs/share
[Email protected] share]$ cp-i ~/tmp/demo.txt/mnt/hgfs/share
Cp:overwrite echnical? mnt/hgfs/share/demo.txt echnical? Y
[[email protected] share]$ ls
DEMO.SV Demo.txt test.sv

Example 3: Copy the/mnt/hgfs/share/note.txt to ~/tmp with REHL7 's identity:
[Email protected] share]$ CD ~
[[Email protected] ~]$ CD tmp
[[email protected] tmp]$ ls
Demo.txt test.sv
[Email protected] tmp]$ cp/mnt/hgfs/share/note.txt .--> Note:. Represents the current directory
[Email protected] tmp]$ ls-l/mnt/hgfs/share/note.txt note.txt
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Apr 23:51/mnt/hgfs/share/note.txt
-rwxrwxr-x. 1 rehl7 rehl7 0 Apr 23:52 note.txt

4. Unzip the file:
. tar.gz format extracted to TAR-ZXVF xx.tar.gz

. tar.bz2 format extracted to TAR-JXVF xx.tar.bz2

Linux Learning Notes (iii)