Linux Learning Notes Summary

Linux file system is a hierarchical tree-like directory structure, using the "/" root directory of the way

Directory structure:/root directory
|---Root: Store files related to the root user
|---Home: documents related to ordinary users
|---Bin: Store general commands
|---sbin: commands that have certain permissions to use
|---mnt: default mount directory for CD-ROM and floppy drive
|---etc: Store configuration file
|---var: store frequently changing files
|---Boot: store files related to boot system
|---usr: the default directory for installing software programs

Command: Show current directory: PWD

Add user command: Useradd user name

Set Password: passwd user name

Delete User: Userdel user name Explanation: Delete User does not delete user directory

Userdel-r User name Explanation: Delete User and user home directory

Linux operating level: 0: Shutdown
1: Single User
2: Multi-user status No NETWORK service
3: Network Service with multi-user status
4: System not used reserved to user
5: Graphical interface
6: System restart

The commonly used RunLevel is: 3,5   To modify the run level to modify  /etc/inittab Id:5initdefault this line

modifies the method of misconfiguration: When the program starts booting for a few seconds: press the E key, Highlight the second line in the input e, the last input: space 1  and then press the B key

  The above method can retrieve the lost password, hehe, the principle is to use single-user mode login, and then change the password can not call you to enter the old password

---- --------------------------------------------Linux 3

to display catalog files: LS     

Show hidden files: Ls-a

Show list format file: ls-l

Create directory: mkdir

Delete empty directory: RmDir

Linux Many commands we're halfway through Google.

Create empty file: Touch

Copy command: CP

Recursive copy command: Cp-r  dir1 dir2

Move or change file name: MV

Delete files and directories: RM

Delete all content (including directories and files) r recursion F Force

To establish symbolic connection: ln

Delete file command: RM

Source target: ln-s

Inittab pointing to the actual file/etc/inittab

Display the contents of the file with pagination: More

Show directory with pagination: less

Query content in text: grep   such as: grep [-n] Find letters   Find file name  -n is optional, display line number

Friendly tip: There are problems in the Linux world to find men: Man   command equivalent DOS help     such as: Man command

Pipeline command: In Linux and Unix, "|" is the pipe command (handing the result of the previous command to the command processing)

Find command: Find   such as: Find/-name Chen G.java   means: Look for a file named Cheng.java in the root directory

Pipe-directed command: >     such as: grep [-n] to find the letter   find the file name > myfile.ba K     A ">" number is overwrite write
 
                      & nbsp               grep [-n] to find the letter   find the filename >> myfile.bak     Two ">" No. Append write

user Group, permissions

Case:  

Create a group command: Groupadd policeman

View linux All Group Info command: Cat/etc/group | more     Page display with pipeline commands

Create a user and assign the user to that group useradd-g group name

View all user information in Linux cat/etc/passwd

Use root to modify user Group command: USERMOD-G Group name User name

File Permission Description:

such as:-rw-r--r--

    Splitting the above string:  

   -: File type

    rw-: The owner of a file has permission to the file

    r--: The file owner's group has permissions to the file

&N Bsp   r--: Permissions for users of other users or other groups

permissions are divided into 3 types: R readable   4 for

             W writable   2 means

             X executable   1 means

Modify User Rights command: chmod 770 Username   This modifies the user's file access permissions  

1. Share files on Linux with other computers, you need to build FTP server (VSFTP) on Linux
2. Start the FTP server using command on Linux: Service vsftpd start
3. Verify that the Linux vsftp is started using the command: FTP localhost
4. View the IP address use command in Linux: ifconfig
5. Configure IP address for IP linux:

(1). If you find that eth0 has the following error when Linux is enabled:

This is the Redhat Linux 9.0 bug, you need to do this to solve the problem:

See more: http://www.cnblogs.com/eoiioe/archive/2008/09/15/1291247.html

1. Above all normal, you can ping Linux IP address on windows, if Ping does not pass Ken can because of the Linux firewall in mischief

(1). Shut down the Linux Firewall service iptables stop

7. View Linux vsftpd.conf configuration file: cd etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf profile path

8. Login to Linux FTP on window. User name: Anonymous password: no return

9. Find the previous step is successful, then use the Window FTP tool to connect the Linux FTP default is to connect the Var/ftp/put directory in Linux

10. After the connection is successful, you can upload the file, but the Community upload permission

(1) allow root user to upload method: Remove root user from Vsftpd.user_list

Delete the root user in Vsftpd.ftpusers the two files are said: The following users prohibit the upload operation, two files are under etc. Then restart the vsftp command: service vsftpd Restart so that it can be uploaded. Ok

11. Machine started, vsftpd start configuration method: Chkconfig–list | grep VSFTPD uses this pipeline command to view the end use:

Chkconfig vsftpd on

12. Using remote management of a remote Linux system,

1. Linux-enabled SSHD service: Service sshd start

Install JDK under Linux

(1) First download the JDK installation package under Linux Jdk-6u15-linux-i586-rpm.bin

(2) then upload to the directory under the Linux pub.

(3) then directly installed (directly run the file, according to the prompt installation)

Install Tomcat under Linux

(1) First to compress the Tomcat file package we downloaded such as: apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar.gz

(2) Add compression command: Gzip–d apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar.gz Enter

(3) A file will appear in your directory at this time, such as: Apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar

(4) By then two layers of compression so in use command: TAR–XVF Apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar decompression

(5) apache-tomcat-6.0.20 directory can be moved to any directory, such as the root directory: MV Apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar/Enter

(6) The apache-tomcat-6.0.20 directory can be renamed as: MV apache-tomcat-6.0.20 tomcat6.0.20 Enter

15. Under Linux, specify the environment variable command:

(1) Set java_home: Direct input command: java_home= your JDB installation path

such as: Java_home=/urs/java/jdk1.6.0_15 set up after the command to run: Export Java_hom import this Java_home

(2) Viewing the Tomcat process: Ps-ef | grep Tomcat

(3) Permanently shut down the firewall: chkconfig iptables off

(4) There are 2 ways to close the Tomcat method:: Kill Tomcat Process number

(5) RPM explanation: Red had Page Manager

(6) Uninstalling the installation files using the Rpm–e command is similar to adding and removing programs in Windows

For example, use the command to uninstall Jdk:rpm–e Jdk-1.6.0_15-fcs

(7) command line Internet: wget http://localhost:8080/

(8) Setting Global Environment variables: Add environment variable settings in the Etc/profile file

Command: Vi/ect/profile

Added: java_home=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_15

Export Java_home

(9) Boot automatically starts Tomcat:

Edit etc The following rc.local file

such as: vi/etc/rc.local

Then add the following: Java_home=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_15

Export Java_home

/tomcat6.0.20/bin/startup.sh

16. Install MySQL under Linux

(1) First download MySQL on the client and server side of Linux

MYSQL-SERVER-4.0.23A-1.9.I386.RPM, mysql-client-4.0.23a-1.9.i386.rpm

(2) then upload to the linux/var/ftp/pub/directory

(3) Installation use command: RPM–IVH mysql-server-4.0.23a-1.9.i386.rpm Enter

3.1 You will encounter errors at this time: error:failed dependencies:

Perl (DBI) is needed by mysql-server-4.0.23a-1.9

The error is that installing this file depends on another package. This package is: perl-dbi-1.32-5.i386.rpm

This file is on the second Linux CD and needs to be copied.

Hanging in Optical drive command: Mount/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom

Enter Optical drive command: CD Mnt/cdrom

Copy File command: CP perl-dbi-1.32-5.i386.rpm/var/ftp/pub

(4) Then first install the perl-dbi-1.32-5.i386.rpm file: Rpm–ivh perl-dbi-1.32-5.i386.rpm Enter

(5) Next install the mysql-server-4.0.23a-1.9.i386.rpm file: Rpm–ivh mysql-server-4.0.23a-1.9.i386.rpm Enter

Installation Complete

Verify that MySQL starts the command: PS–EF | grep MySQL

Verify that the MySQL package is loaded with the command: RPM–QA | grep MySQL

Then enter: MySQL return to come in, haha

Linux Boot auto-start Mysql:chkconfig–list | grep MySQL

Linux Learning Notes Summary