Linux Learning Unit 14

Access to devices in 14.linux

# # # #1. Device Access # # #

1. Equipment identification

/DEV/XDXN # #硬盘设备/DEV/SDA1

/dev/cdrom # #光驱

/dev/mapper/* # #虚拟设备

2. Use of the device

# # "Discovery of Equipment" # #

fdisk-l # #查看真实存在的设备

cat/proc/partitions # #系统能够识别的设备

Blkid # #系统能够挂载使用的设备id

DF # #查看设备被系统使用的情况

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# # "Use of equipment" # #

1. Mounting of the device

Mount Equipment mount point

Mount /DEV/SDB1 /mnt #把系统中第二块硬盘的第一个分区挂载到 the/mnt directory

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2. Uninstalling the device

Umout Device | mount point

If the following conditions occur:

[Email protected] ~]# UMOUNT/DEV/SDB1

Umount:/home/kiosk/desktop/photo:target is busy.

(In some cases useful info about processes

The device is found by lsof (8) or fuser (1))

Solve:

FUSER-KVM Device | mount point - K Kill,-V show details,-m scan device

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# # # #2. Soft and Hard Links # # #

Ls-i # #查看文件节点号

ln-s/file/file1 # #软链接

Ln/file/file1 # #硬链接

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# # # #3. File Search # # #

1.locate filename # #在文件数据库中搜索filename信息, updatedb update file database

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2.find

Find Find Location -Conditions Condition Value -exec Action {} \;

-name

-not conditions

-user

-group

-size

-perm

--maxdepth

--mindepth

-A

-O

-type F file

Catalog D

C character Device

b block Devices

s Set of section words

L Links

Find/mnt-user Student

Find/mnt-group Linux

Find/mnt-user student-a-group Linux

Find/mnt-user Student-o-group Linux

Find/mnt-user student-a-group Linux

Find/mnt-user Student

Find/mnt-user student-a-not-group Linux

DD If=/dev/zero of=/mnt/file1 bs=1024 count=10

DD If=/dev/zero of=/mnt/file2 bs=1024 count=20

DD If=/dev/zero of=/mnt/file3 bs=1024 count=30

Find/mnt-size 10k

find/mnt-size-10k

Find/mnt-size +10k

4. How to find files in the system

# # # #find ########

Find command

Find path Condition Condition value

Find/mnt-name file

Find/mnt-name "file*"

Find/etc-name "*.conf"

-user # #用户

-group # #组

condition 1-o condition 2# #或者

-type # #类型

-mmin +|-Digital # #时间

DD If=/dev/zero of=/mnt/file bs=1024 count=10

DD # #数据截取

if # #数据模板

of # #数据存放文件

BS # #数据快大小

Count # #数据快个数

--size Digital |-Digital |+ Digital # # #查找大小符合条件的文件

--perm 444 # # #文件全权必须时rrr

--perm -444 # # #文件每一位都要含有r权限

--perm /444 # # #文件任意一位含有r权限

-maxdepth Digital # # #最深目录层

-mindepth Digital # # #最小目录层

-exec command {} \; # # #对查找出的结果做相应处理

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Linux Learning Unit 14