Linux operating System (ii)

Linux Fundamentals:

1. A small program consisting of a single purpose, combined with a small program to complete complex tasks.

2. All documents;

3. Try to avoid capturing the user interface;

4. The configuration file is saved in plain text format;

User interface with operating system: Shell (GUI (graphical interface, CLI command interface)

GUI Interface:

Windows

Gnome:c

Kde:c++

XFace:

CLI interface, man-machine Interface: (BASH,CSH,ZSH,KSHTCSH)

Command prompt: Prompt bash (shell)

#: Root

$: Normal User

Input commands are sent to the kernel by the shell

Command format: Command options (how to modify command execution) parameters (the object of the command)

Options: Short Options:-(can use multiple option combinations simultaneously: ls-al) long option:--(not usually combined)

Use voucher: (Linux is strictly case sensitive.) ) Root Oracle

Virtual Terminal: (terminal)

Switch users: SU (switch user) Su-user name modify user password: passwd user

Operating system structure:

Windows has: DLL (dynamic link library) on Linux. So (Shraed object)

User name: User ID (identifier)

Authentication mechanism: Authentication

Authorization: Authorization

Audit: Audition (mostly logged by log)

Command prompt

Command: Executable is an executable entry that must have a program, the library is not executable entry)

Magic number: The first line of the Magic Count script is the number of magic #! Bin/bash

Linux and Magic on Windows are not the same, so even if the C library is the same, programs written on Linux may not be able to run on Windows.

List:ls Listing lists

Directory: file, path map path: The location that passes from the specified starting point to the destination. Set the path: for hierarchical management

Pwd:print working directory displays the current directory

File type:-: Normal file

D: Catalog file

B: Block device files

C: (character) character device file

L: (link) Symbolic link file

P: (pipe) Command pipe file

S: (socket) Socket file

File permissions: 9-bit, each three-bit group, rwx (read, write, execute)-(horizontal line indicates that the permission is empty)

Linux operating System (ii)