Linux tips: getting started with super-easy Linux system management (3) Installing Linux on a virtual machine

This article is the best practice of Linux. It aims to help Chinese cabbage install a Linux program on their own. If you are a Linux hacker, be sure to install it yourself. If you do not want to install multiple operating systems, virtual machines are the best choice. You can use virtual machines to install 7 or 8 operating systems on one computer. You can also switch between them without restarting.
If you want to hear the voice broadcast from Niu every day and want to learn more IT technologies or skills that are not big enough in schools and books, please pay attention to the public account.:Xiniubook2008. Or addWeibo: I am the master of my books, Participate in the activity, get a book for free.

2.3 install Linux on a virtual machine

For beginners, installing Linux on a virtual machine is a good way to use specific Virtual Machine Software to virtualize multiple computers, which is very convenient for learning and experiments. Common Virtual Machine software includes the VMware series and VirtualBox series. This section describes how to install a virtual machine and how to install a Linux system on a virtual machine.

2.3.1 install vmwarevm

VMware is a widely used virtual machine software. This section uses VMware 9.0 as an example to describe how to install VMware software.

(1) double-click the downloaded VMware 9.0 installer and enter the Installation Wizard, as shown in figure 2.2.

(2) wait until the boot program is installed and enter the installation wizard. You do not need to select this option. Click Next to go to the Next page, as shown in Figure 2.3. here you need to select the installation method:

QTypical: it is a typical installation and has fewer configurations during installation. It is suitable for beginners.

QCustom: custom installation, suitable for advanced users.

(3) In this example, click the Typical icon to go to the installation path selection page, as shown in Figure 2.4. If you do not need to customize the path, click Next to go to the Next page.

(4) At this time, you will be asked to check the update information when the software is started. If you do not need to, skip this step and click Next to proceed to the Next step. Then, ask if you want to help improve the VMware software. Click Next to proceed. This step is omitted.

(5) The VMware shortcut (2.5) will be created during the installation process. Select the path for creating the shortcut and click Next to go to the Next step.

(6) Open the interface shown in Figure 2.6, indicating that necessary copies and system settings are required for the VMware software installation. After this step is completed, the VMware software installation is complete.

 

Figure 2.2VMware Installation Guide

Figure 2.3VMware installation method selection page

Figure 2.4VMware installation path setting page

Figure 2.5 create a shortcut

Figure 2.6VMware installation file copy Interface

After the installation is complete, the software Icon is generated on the desktop, as shown in Figure 2.7. Double-click the icon to use the VMware software. As shown in Figure 2.8 After startup.

Figure 2.7VMware shortcuts

Figure 2.8VMware startup effect page

2.3.2 install Linux

There are many installation methods for Linux. This book describes the installation process and related parameter settings of Linux by taking CD installation as an example. The detailed steps are as follows:

(1) Open the created VM and click the VM | Setting menu, as shown in Figure 2.9.

Figure 2.9procedure for selecting VMware settings

(2) open interface 2.10. In this step, the virtual machine parameter settings page is displayed. Click the CD/DVD (IDE) option. The optical drive connection mode is displayed on the right of the window. Click [Use ISO image file] single region, and then click [Browse ...] Click. In the displayed file selection window, select the downloaded ISO file. In this step, associate the released ISO file with VMware. Click OK.

Figure 2.10VMware optical drive setting page

(3) Complete the virtual machine parameter settings through the preceding steps. Next, start the Virtual Machine. As shown in Figure 2.11, click the green arrow in the menu to start the virtual machine.

Figure 2.11VMware startup Interface

(4) After the installation starts, wait patiently until the installation program is started, and enter the Linux installation interface. Linux installation is similar to Windows installation, as shown in Figure 2.12.

(5) Click the Install or upgrade an existing system menu, press Enter, and wait for the installation program to boot. After the boot is complete, a window is displayed asking if you want to check the media. If you do not need to check the media, click Skip to Skip the step, as shown in Figure 2.13.

Figure 2.12Linux Installation Guide page

Figure 2.13 check the installation media

(6) The Next step is the Graphic Guide interface for the installation process. Click Next to continue.

(7) Select the installation language in Figure 2.14. In this step, click the Chinese (Simolified) menu, and then click Next to continue.

Figure 2.14 select an installation Language

(8) Next, select the appropriate keyboard (this step is omitted) and click the American English style menu. Click Next to continue, as shown in Figure 2.15. The storage media to be installed is specified here.

Figure 2.15 select a storage medium

Generally, select "basic storage device" (such as the local hard disk ). Click [next] to continue. A window will pop up asking if you want to format an existing storage device, as shown in Figure 2.16. formatting will clear all the data. Please select carefully.

Figure 2.16 select whether to clear existing data

(9) enter the host name in Figure 2.17. The host name can be customized and consists of numbers, letters, and underscores. Click Next to continue, as shown in Figure 2.18. Select the time zone. Click Asia/Shanghai to select the time zone and click Next to continue.

Figure 2.17 host name input

Figure 2.18 select a Time Zone

(10) enter the management password of the root user. After entering the information, click Next. Remember the entered password.

(11) As shown in Figure 2.20, selecting the installation type is an important step in the installation process. If a new computer does not have any operating system or data on the hard disk, you can select the "use all space" option to activate the "automatic partitioning" function of the system, the installer automatically allocates disk space and SWAP space based on the disk and memory size, and creates appropriate partitions. The automatic partition result is 2.21.

Figure 2.19 root password settings

Figure 2.20 select an installation type

Figure 2.21 example of automatic partitioning

Note that this step is to automatically format the data on the original hard disk as a Linux partition file system. Linux partitions and Windows partitions cannot be shared. This step is a dangerous operation, please confirm again that there is no other operating system on your computer or that there is no data to be retained.

If the system's automatic partition size or scheme cannot meet the requirements, you can select manual partitioning. The manual partition page is shown in Figure 2.22.

Q mount point: Specify the directory of the Linux file system corresponding to the partition, such as/usr/loca/or/data. Linux allows you to map partitions on different physical disks to different directories, so that different service programs can be placed on different physical disks, when one of the physical disks is damaged, data on other physical disks is not affected.

Q file system type: Specifies the file system type of the partition. Options include EXT2, EXT3, REISERFS, JFS, and SWAP. After creating a Linux Data Partition, it is necessary to create a SWAP partition. The SWAP principle is to use the Virtual Memory Simulated by the hard disk. When the system memory usage is high, the kernel automatically uses the SWAP partition to access data.

Q size: the partition size, in MB. the Linux Data Partition size can be filled in according to your actual situation, the SWAP size can be set to twice the physical memory size based on experience. For example, the physical memory is 1 GB, And the SWAP partition size can be set to 2 GB.

Q allowed drive: if multiple physical disks exist on the computer, you can select the physical disk to be partitioned in this menu.

After this step, you need to manually intervene in the subsequent steps. When saving the partition information, a prompt is displayed, as shown in Figure 2.23.

Figure 2.22 Linux custom partitions

Figure 2.23 confirm the storage of partition information

(12) Click Next to continue. This step is for system boot settings, as shown in Figure 2.24. You can retain the default settings and click Next to continue.

Figure 2.24 Linux boot mode settings

(13) In this step, select the System Installation Software Package (2.25). The system provides several methods, which can be selected as needed, the difference is that the number of packages installed in each installation method is different. After entering the system, if you find that the required software is not installed, you can download the source code or find the corresponding RPM package in the ISO disc for installation. For detailed installation methods of the software package, see Chapter 7th. Click Next to continue.

(14) This step mainly installs the system component software package. The installation time varies depending on the installation method, as shown in Figure 2.26. Reboot the system after completing this step, as shown in Figure 2.27.

So far, the Linux system has been successfully installed.

Figure 2.25 installation package selection

Figure 2.26 copy software during Linux Installation

Figure 2.27 reboot the system

 

If you like, you can purchase the easy-to-use Linux system management getting started book and share book reviews with us with a small gift.