Linux under Disk Management

I. Indexed file system features

sector: Minimum physical storage unit,

superblock: Records the entire file system information, including the Inode, block total, usage, Remaining Amount and file system format and other information;

inode: Log file attributes and point to the BLOKCK number that the file actually stores;

Block: Store the contents of the file, a block can only store the contents of the same file, block size is like to put a cube in the cylinder, the smaller the cube will put more, but access speed is slower;

Second, Disk Management

A), view disk and partition status

[[email protected] ~]# lsblkname               MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsda                  8:0     0   20G  0 disk ├─sda1               8:1    0    2m  0  part ├─sda2              8:2     0  500M  0 part /boot└─sda3               8:3    0 19.5G   0 part   ├─centos_a-root 253:0    0   10g   0 lvm  /&nbSp; ├─centos_a-swap 253:1    0    1g  0 lvm   [swap]  └─centos_a-home 253:2    0  8.5g  0  lvm  /homesr0                 11:0    1 1024m  0 rom[[email protected] ~ ]# parted /dev/sda print   ## #查看分割表Model:  vmware, vmware virtual  S  (SCSI) disk /dev/sda: 21.5gbsector size  (logical/physical):  512b/ 512bpartition table: msdosdisk flags: number  start   end      Size    Type     File system   Flags 1      1049kB  3146kB  2097kB   Primary 2  &nbsP;   3146kb  527mb   524mb   primary  xfs           boot 3       527mb   21.5gb  20.9gb  primary                lvm

II), Disk segmentation

MBR uses FDISK,GPT using Gdisk, which use the same basic. Split a 5M partition

[[Email protected] ~]# fidsk /dev/sdabash: fidsk: command not found ... similar command is:  ' fdisk ' [[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sda   Welcome to fdisk  (util-linux 2.23.2). changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to  Write them. Be careful before using the write command. command  (m for help):  n    # #新建一个分区Partition  type:    p   primary  (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)     e   extendedSelect  (default e):    # #msdos最多只能有4个分区, so establish an extended partition using  default response eSelected partition 4First sector  (41934848-41943039,  default 41934848):  # #默认即可Using &NBSP;DEFAULT&NBSP;VALUE&NBSP;41934848&NBSP;&NBSP;&NBsp;                          ##↓ input partition size last sector, +sectors or +size{k, m,g}  (41934848-41943039, default 41943039):  +10mvalue out of range. last sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g}  (41934848-41943039, default 41943039) :  using default value 41943039partition 4 of type extended and  of size 4 MiB is setCommand  (m for help):  p  ## View Partition disk /dev/sda: 21.5 gb, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectorsunits =  sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size  (logical/physical ): 512 bytes / 512 bytesi/o size  (minimum/optimal):  512 bytes  / 512 bytesdisk label type: dosdisk identifier: 0x0007947d   device boot       Start         End       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1             2048        6143         2048   83  Linux/dev/sda2   *         6144     1030143       512000   83  Linux/dev/sda3          1030144    41934847    20452352   8e   Linux LVM/dev/sda4        41934848     41943039        4096    5  extendedcommand  (M&NBSP;FOR&NBSP;HELP) :  w  ## #写入分区表The  partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl ()  to re-read partition table. warning: re-reading the partition table failed with error 16:  Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. the new table will  be used atthe next reboot or after you run partprobe (8)  or kpartx (8) syncing disks. [[email protected] ~]# partprobe -s   # #更新分区表/dev/sda: msdos  Partitions 1 2 3 4 <>

III), formatted partition

[Email protected] ~]# mkfs.   # #格式化类型mkfs. Btrfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 Mkfs.minix mkfs.vfat Mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.fat Mkfs.msdos MKFS.XFS [[email protected] ~]# MKFS.EXT4/DEV/SDA4 # #可以使用-D specify block size MKE2FS 1.42.9 (28-dec-2013) mkfs.ext4:inode_size * Inodes_count (0) Too big for a filesystem with 0 blocks, specify higher inode_ratio (-i) or lower in Ode Count (-N).

IV), Mount

[Email protected] ~]# Mount/dev/sda4/ui # #挂载到目录 [[email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/fstab # #追加, boot Mount/dev/sda4 /FL etx4 Defaults 0 0

Linux under Disk Management