Marco Linux Course accompanying notes (OS Basics 01)

Linux Course notes (operating system Basics)-20160822

Layer Fourth: Application (1, run through kernel call,2, call library run)

The third layer:library:API(Application programming Interface) libraries can only be executed when other programs call, the execution environment is called

Second Floor: Kernerl: Kernel Management hardware Resources

First layer: Hardware

Features of the kernel:

1. Process Management

2. Memory Management

3. File System

4. Network function

5. Hardware Driver

6. Security mechanism

GNUplan, also known as the Slave program, isRichardstallmanin the1983years9Month -launched by the Japanese public. Its goal is to create a set of completely free operating systems. Richard Stallmanthe earliest was inNet.unix-wizardsThe News group posted the news and attached theGNUdeclaration, and the reason why the project was launched, one of the reasons is to"recreating the spirit of solidarity in the software community in the past year". To ensureGNUsoftware is free to"use, copy, modify, and publish", allGNUThe software has an agreement to grant all rights to anyone in the event that no other person is allowed to add any restrictions,GNUgeneral Public License (GNU general public License,GPL). That"Anti-Copyright"(or calledCopyleft) concept.

GPL , is General public License the abbreviation is a copy of the GNU general public Authorization for informal Chinese translation. It is not published by the Free Software Foundation, nor does it use The statutory terms of the GNU General Public License software -- straight with GNU The original version of the general Public License in English has the same effect.

Linux kernel version : 0.1,1.0,2.0,2.2,2.4,2.6,3.0,3.7, now the latest version:4.7.2

Red Hat Enterprise Publisher version Rhel 3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0

Attention:

1,the Linux kernel version and publisher said the version is not the same

2, all publishers of different versions, such as Redhat,Debian,ubuntu,folder they are Linux

installation of Linux operating system:

Publisher:Redhat

version:rhci-rhel-5.8-1-20120328

Basic principles of Linux:

1, the purpose of a single small program composition, the combination of small programs to complete complex tasks

2. All Documents

3. Try to avoid capturing the user interface

4. Save the configuration file in plain text format

GUI Interface:

Gnome: developed by C

KDE: developed by C + +

Xface

CLI Interface:

command prompt,prompt

#:Root

$: Normal User

command:

Command format:

Command Options Parameters

Options:

Short Options:-

multiple options can be combined: -a-b =-ab

Long options:--

Parameters: The Action object of the command

To use the voucher:

default account:root password:redhat

Virtual terminal (terminal):

there are altogether 6 virtual terminals,Ctrl+alt (F1-F6)

Graphics Terminal:

Analog Terminal:

CLI:

Bash

Csh

Zsh

Ksh

Tcsh

How do I complete a user switch ?

Switch User

command:su

# su [-l] user name

Exit back to root

Half Switch :

Su user name

Switch completely

Su-l user name :

Change Password command PASSWOD

#passwds username

Password to meet complexity rules:

1. Use at least 3 kinds of 4 kinds of characters wrongly written characters

2,long enough, greater than 7 bits

3. Using Random strings

4. Regular replacement

5. The cycle period should be large enough

This article is from "My ops, I am the Master" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://tantianran2015.blog.51cto.com/8272891/1841646

Marco Linux Course accompanying notes (OS Basics 01)