One day learn how to learn Linux

With the expansion of Linux applications, many friends have started to access Linux. Based on Windwos learning experience, they often feel a bit confused: they do not know where to start learning. It's like a war. You have the courage to defeat all enemies, but there is nothing in front of you.

Dark, you know there are a lot of enemies in front, but you don't know the specific position. Therefore, it is important to recognize the direction and determine the target. The following describes some suggestions for learning Linux, hoping to help you.

I. Abandon Windows thinking and use Unix thinking to learn Linux

 

The design philosophy of Linux is completely different from that of Windows. Do not use the thinking of Windows to learn about Linux. Linux is designed with reference to the idea of Unix. To understand Linux, you must follow the thinking of Unix. Ideological changes are more useful than temporary technological advances because they help you speed up learning.

 

Ii. Starting from the basics

 

Some friends often ask some questions on the Linux Forum. However, most of the questions are very basic. For example, when I use a command, the system tells me that I cannot find the Directory and how to restrict user permissions. These problems are not very difficult, after understanding the basics of Linux, you can easily solve this problem. Some friends often want to build a website when they come into contact with Linux. They have no idea how to understand the basics of Linux. This is quite difficult.

 

3. select a suitable Linux release version

 

For more information about how to select an appropriate release version, see

Http://www.opsers.org/2010_12_1393.html#toc-10

4. develop the habit of working under the command line

 

Although Linux desktop applications develop rapidly, commands still have a strong vitality in Linux. Linux is an operating system composed of command lines. Its essence lies in the command line. No matter what level the graphic interface develops, this principle will not change. For example, find, a common inux command, and look at man's documents, beginners will surely feel too complicated to use it, but once you learn it, you will never let it go. Its functions are too powerful. In combination with exec parameters or redirection to xargs commands and grep commands through pipelines, it can perform very complex operations. If the same operation is done using a graphical interface tool, i'm afraid it will take more than a dozen minutes. The number of Linux commands for different versions is different. We recommend that you first master some common commands and command parameters when learning, and then use MAN to find the answer without any further help.

The following describes the most important and frequently-used commands, which are divided into several parts based on their role in the system. Through the study of these basic commands, we can further understand the Linux system:

Installation and logon commands: login, shutdown, halt, reboot, mount, umount, chsh

File Processing commands: file, mkdir, grep, dd, find, mv, ls, diff, cat, ln

System Management commands: df, top, free, quota, at, lp, adduser, groupadd kill, crontab, tar, unzip, gunzip, and last

Network Operation commands: ifconfig, ip, ping, netstat, telnet, ftp, route, rlogin rcp, finger, mail, nslookup

System security commands: passwd, su, umask, chgrp, chmod, chown, chattr, sudo, pswho

 

5. Visit the Linux website frequently

 

With the expansion of Linux applications, many Linux communities have emerged. Next I will introduce some websites that I often visit.

Www.2cto.com (suitable for newcomers)

Www.boobooke.com/bbs (numerous free Linux videos)

Www.csdn.net (the largest IT professional community in China)

Www.chinaunix.net (China's largest Unix/Linux technology community)

Www.linuxdiyf.com/bbs (red link Linux Forum)

Blog.51cto.com)

 

5. diligent in practice

 

To increase your Linux skills, you can only implement them through practice. So install a Linux release and enter the wonderful Linux World. In addition, the human brain is not like a computer's hard disk. Unless the hard disk breaks down or the data is erased by you, the stored data will be permanently and immediately stored in the hard disk. In the curve of human memory, you must repeat the exercises to remember one thing. Similarly, the same is true for Linux. If you cannot learn it frequently, you should forget the previous one. After you are familiar with Linux commands, you can start to build a small Linux network. This is the best practice. Linux is synonymous with the network. Linux's network services are very powerful, including email servers, Web servers, and DNS servers. Of course, you don't need to set up all the services. If a problem occurs in practice, follow the prompts and logs or find a solution on the Internet to try to solve the problem by yourself. Do not wait for others to help you solve the problem.

 

6. How to solve the problem

 

1. Be good at using the help manual provided by the system. After a complete Linux system is installed, it contains a powerful help (including the manual page and FAQ). After carefully reading the documentation, 40% of the problems can be solved here.

2. Read the classic tool book and Howto. In particular, Howto is a global summary of tens of thousands of Linux and Unix experiences. It is of great reference value. Generally, 40% of problems can also be solved.

3. seek help from forums and groups. How to get help on the forum should be noted: You should have a thorough reflection, prepare your questions, and do not rashly ask questions, otherwise, you will get a hasty answer or no answer at all. However, before asking a question, you 'd better use the search function of the Forum. Maybe someone has already answered your question, so you can get twice the result with half the effort. If you don't get the answer, do not think that others don't want to help you. Sometimes you just don't know the answer to your question. At this time, it is a good choice to change to a forum, and you must pay attention to some etiquette when asking questions. You may encounter this situation and may have different answers to a question. In this case, you need to verify it through practice. This is very important because, I found, many documents on the Internet were written a long time ago, and they were basically copied without being tested.

The following is a smart picture of the question.

 

7. Learn professional English

 

If you want to study Linux in depth, it is too difficult to understand the document. The best and most comprehensive documents are written in English, and the first technical information released is also written in English. Even non-English people publish technical documents, they are first translated into English and published in international academic journals and networks. When installing a new software, first read README, then INSTALL and then read the FAQ, and finally INSTALL it. In this case, you will know why. If you do not read the instructions, it will be a waste of time to go to the forum to find the answer.

 

8. Establish interest and cultivate a sense of accomplishment

 

There are too many things to play on Linux. You can choose an interesting topic to have a good time! No matter whether it's Shell or graphic interfaces, as long as you are interested in it, you will not be aware of it. How does a sense of accomplishment come from? To be honest, we are recognized. How can we be recognized? Share your writing experiences. When you write your experiences and share them, some friends will naturally go to your webpage. when everyone thinks that your webpage has great content, you will definitely continue to share it and cannot extricate yourself.

 

9. participate in the discussion and assist in answering questions

 

Participating in technical discussions has always been a quick way to improve your capabilities. Because of these technical discussions, you have put forward your opinions. no matter whether the discussion results are correct or wrong, it is very important for you to grow your knowledge again and again. When you are visiting some forums and helping some beginners solve the problem, you may just get the following sentence: Thank you! But that sentence will make people very happy. Many veterans are constantly assisting new friends with such satisfaction. In addition, when answering questions from others, you will learn more about each project.

 

The above are some experiences in Linux, hoping to help those who like Linux and want to learn Linux