Quick Dictionary of common Linux commands

Common Linux commands: Quick query dictionary I. startup, shutdown, logon, and logout commands [login] logon [logout] logout [exit] logout [shutdown] Stop system [halt] Stop system [reboot] restart [poweroff] power off [sync] write content in memory to disk [lilo] install lilo start management program [grub] install lilo start management program www.2cto.com 2. Shell related commands [chsh] switch Shell [history] display command resume [alias] SET command alias [unalias] cancel command alias [which] display command location [type] query command type [echo] display string or variable content [set] set/Display Shell variable [printenv] display environment variable [export] set environment variable [env] set temporary environment variable [unset] Release Environment Change Quantity [setenv] Set environment variable [unsetenv] Release environment variable [source] command in execution file [man] query command manual [info] query hypertext command manual [whatis] display command Introduction [apropos] keyword query manual 3. User management commands [su] switch to another user [useradd] append user [adduser] append user [userdel] delete user [usermod] modify user settings [chfn] modify user private information [groupadd] append group [groupdel] Delete group [groupmod] modify group settings [passwd] Change Password [whoami] Display User name [logname] display Login User Account [users] display all login user information [who] query Login User information [w] query Login User information [id] display the ID information of the specified user [groups] display the location of the specified user The [finger] group displays the personal information of a specified user. The [mesg] switch is used to send and receive messages to others. [write] send messages to other users. [wall] send messages to all users. [talk] chat with other users. 4.. System message-related commands [top] provide real-time monitoring of system processor status [date] display/set current time www.2cto.com [uptime] display system running time [arch] display machine Core architecture (such as i386) [uname] display operating system information [tty] display terminal name [last] display login/logout on resume [lastb] display illegal login information [dumpkeys] display current keyboard configuration [loadkeys] Change keyboard configuration [df] query disk usage information [du] query disk usage information [dmesg] display system startup message [script] Save input and output to File 5. File Operation commands [ls] show file list [tree] Show directory tree [pwd] Show current path [cd] Change current path [pushd] append path to directory stack [popd] Delete path from directory stack [dirs] display the contents of the Directory stack. [mkdir] Create path [rmdir] Delete path [cp] copy file/directory [rm] delete file/directory [mv] Move file/directory, modify file name [chown] change file/directory owner [chgrp] modify all groups of files/directories [chmod] Modify file/directory permissions [touch] change file time [ln] Create file/directory link [find] find file [whereis] display file path [file] Query file type [size] Query file size 6. file Editing Command [cat] Show file content [tee] output to file and screen [more] split screen display file content [less] split screen display file content [head] Show file header content [tail] Show file tail content [fold] fold show long lines [sort] arrange the lines of files [cmp] Compare file content [diff] Show file differences [nkf] change Japanese file encoding [dd] copy the [wc] Statistical text after changing the file word count, file Size and other [split] split file [paste] join file in a row [join] join file in a field join file [grep] query text [uniq] filter duplicate part show file content [tr] replace text [sed] Replace text VII. Compression/Decompression commands [tar] compression/Decompression file [compress] compression/Decompression file [uncompress] decompression [gzip] compression/Decompression file [gunzip] decompress [zcat] to display the compressed file content [lha] to compress/decompress the file [uuencode] to encode the binary file as a text file [uudecode] to restore the encoded text file to a binary file 8. MS-DOS toolset www.2cto.com [mtools] command [mdir] display file list [mcd] Change current directory [mmd] new directory [mrd] Delete directory [mdeltree] Delete directory tree [mcopy] copy the file [mdel] delete the file [mmove] Move the file [mren] Change the file or directory name [mattrib] modify the File Attribute [mtype] display the file content [mdu] query the file or directory size [minfo] display disk information [mformat] format disk in MS-DOS [mlabel] Set disk tag 9, control external device related Command [mount] mount on device [umount] Remove mounted [eject] on the device (CD/DVD, etc) [fdformat] format floppy disk [fdisk] Configure/display hard disk partition [mkfs] format disk partition [fsck] Check/fix disk errors [lpr] print to printer [lprm] interrupt print task [lpq] display print task status [lpc] management/control print task [ifconfig] display/set NIC configuration 10, process and task management related commands [ps] display running process [jobs] display background running task [fg] switch task to foreground [bg] switch task to background [kill] Stop process or task [killall] Stop process or task [wait] wait process or task end of [at] Set scheduled execution task [atq] display unexecuted task [atrm] Delete scheduled execution task [batch] execute task when system load is reduced [nice] Change Priority and execute the task [nohup] in the background to execute the task, after logging out, [sleep] does not exit. sleep for a certain period of time. [crond] is used to regularly execute the program. [screen] The Window Manager of a physical terminal can be reused among multiple processes. 11, network management commands [netstat] display current network connection status [route] display/set route [host] display network host status [hostname] display/set current host name [ping] OK connection with remote machines [traceroute] display route information [rwho] query logon user of online Machines [ruptime] query system running time of online Machines [rlogin] login to remote machines [telnet] use telnet to log on to the remote machine [rsh] and send the command to the remote machine [rcp] copy the file between the remote machine [mail] receive the mail [sendmail] Send the mail [mailq] confirm the mail queue [ftp] transfers the file www.2cto.com 12 using ftp, and other commands [cal] display calendar [clear] clear screen [gcc] compile C language code [as] compile [bc] calculate [rpm] Redhat package management [dpkg] Debian package management [installpkg] Slackware package installation (delete command is removepkg) [xf86setup, turboxfg, Xconfigurator] configure the X service [startx] to start the X-Window Graphic Interface by Li junhao