Retrospective Chinese art Design (3)

4. The relationship between contemporary art design and traditional arts and crafts

4.1 The time background of the two generation

Traditional arts and crafts are accomplished by hand skills, built on the basis of farming culture, it has the characteristics of an obvious agricultural era. Although there are some people's arts, but the large part is for a small number of bureaucratic bureaucrat-bureaucrat service products, Confucian aesthetic taste way determines the direction and development of traditional arts and crafts. The art design is completed in the industrialized production, based on the industrial civilization, it has obvious characteristics of the industrial era, serving the masses, and a strong sense of democracy.

The position of traditional handicraft practitioner is the result of emphasizing the government-oriented culture in the past years, and the feudal hierarchy system in ancient China determines the living condition of craftsmen. It is undeniable that the majority of craftsmen's cultural limitations have led to the slow improvement and development of many process technologies, as well as the lost of some technology. and art design practitioners are basically better professional education, social status and work environment greatly improved, in the design positioning around the market, a systematic methodology to support the creation of a free and autonomous state.

4.2 The aesthetic thought reflected by the two

Compared with the contemporary art design, traditional arts and crafts are in essence the comparison between the decorative beauty of handicraft technology and the functional beauty of mechanical technology. The beauty of manual technology often has personal interest, runs through the personal spirit, maintains the characteristic of experience and sensibility, to decorate for beauty. The functional beauty of mechanical technology is based on the pipeline, with practical function as the ultimate aim, which reflects the harmony, unification and rational technical beauty characteristics of mass and standardization. Functional beauty and technical beauty are the main contents of contemporary art design aesthetics.

If the arts and crafts is a combination of technology and art, then art design is the combination of science and art as the body. Therefore, Mr. Li Yanzu has extended the beauty of Science (14) on the basis of the functional beauty of the original design aesthetics and the beauty of technology, which also reflects the organic development of art design as a discipline.

Arts and Crafts is the original art which accords with traditional agriculture, handicraft production mode and value pattern, and art design is the compound art adapting to the industrialization information age. As a combination of science and art, art design embodies the pluralism of contemporary culture and human nature more than the arts and crafts, and integration and interdisciplinary nature are its characteristics of the times.

4.3 Educational model and professional setting of the two

It is the main way to spread traditional handicraft technology. Skilled teacher, the Bank of technology almost arbitrary, its hand-mouth inheritance, but decided it can only be a tacit knowledge, the accumulation of experience and lack of systematic theory. A generation of craftsmen, just accustomed to work according to experience, can only be satisfied with the generations, the world common attack.

Contemporary art design theory is a theoretical and systematic coding knowledge based on the Western speculative philosophy system, which can be spread through words, periodicals or other media, even if it is divorced from the way of the face-to-face inheritance. The art design also introduced the system theory as the guidance method of scientific research, the scientific research result represented by the modern system theory, made people realize that the thing is a multi-level, many space-time network cross structure, it impels people's research method and the way of thinking to have the fundamental change.

Traditional arts and crafts of the basic professional has dyeing, decorating, ceramics, clothing, special technology and so on, while the basic professional design of contemporary art for industrial design, packaging design, interior design, clothing design, print ads and so on. Therefore, the two in the Professional category has a strong background of the times. It also reflects an indisputable fact: What society needs, known as arts and crafts or art design of this organism, will automatically adjust its professional settings to meet the needs of the times.

4.4 The corresponding research objects

Arts and crafts are mainly objects of handicrafts, and art design is mass production of industrial products. One is to convey the traditional thought of the Tao, one is to embody the modern design concept. In the past, the history of art history is mostly about technology and phenomenon, it is the problem of studying pattern and decoration, or it also emphasizes on the process interpretation of material. So some people think that the history of the past is a material history (10), the history of design may be more inclined to the history of utensils, from the standpoint of the appliance, the research and discussion is the form and function of the concrete apparatus and the design thought reflected from it, the aim is to provide a benign reference system for modern design.

The corresponding to the arts and crafts is the Tao, the concept of the Tao Tan Dan, deputy dean of the National Palace Museum of Taiwan in his "Chinese Art history" has a detailed exposition; in her doctoral thesis, "Zhang Menchang", Shanghai's Mr. Shi, on the basis of summing up the history of Chinese arts and crafts, has also discussed the philosophy of the Tao. Demonstrates the idea of a carrier. The author thinks that the theory of Tao contains three categories: the relationship between the form, the Tao, the device and the three categories is: The Tao is in the form (and), the device is in the form (and). In short, the device refers to the material carrier, the Dow spirit content, is relative to the field of arts and crafts. The problem of the Tao and the device actually embodies the technology in the thought and the thought in the technology.

But the research object of art design is mainly man-made things. Man-made things were proposed by Mr. Liuguan, American administrators and social scientists Herbert Simon (Herbert). Simen has similar references in his famous book, Science of Human things. However, the concept and connotation of the two are different, Mr. Liu's man-made things refers to the second natural natural things as opposed to the first nature of the thing called man-made things, mainly refers to the human design and creative ideas of human nature things. Of course, according to the above point of view can be sure that the traditional arts and crafts is also man-made things, because she contains the craftsmen and the client's intelligence and wisdom.

The relationship between the Tao and the object plays a role in the empathy of the human being from the familiarity of the thing. Arts and crafts of the shape, road, and the corresponding is the art design of the modelling, design, products; The traditional system of equipment and equipment is today's products and supplies. The human beings and the Tao are cross relations in the connotation and denotation of the concept, representing different values system. The Tao is a traditional concept of utensils, reflecting the

People's way of thinking, and man-made things is a contemporary understanding of the design, the two are not mutually exclusive.

Conclusion

From the above on the interpretation of art design, we can see that in the extension of the concept of ancient art design contains more than the content of traditional arts and crafts. For example, the traditional art of history in the realm of praise of the Tao thought, confined to the official and Palace arts and crafts in the category, in fact, the ancient Chinese science and technology and folk crafts there are many creative ideas worthy of our exploration and analysis. It should be said that arts and crafts as well as art design are the Western modern design culture and ideological trend of the impact of the education sector in China derived. To combine a semantic symbol with the contextual background that it produces is a kind of systematic and realistic thinking method. If we analyze from the point of view of the needs of the corresponding material carrier, it will be found that the traditional handicrafts in the premise of meeting the function of the so-called arts and crafts or people's art objects, in essence, art and design science corresponding to the research object. The relationship between arts and crafts and art design is the relationship between tradition and modernity, is the product of two historical stages of an organism, which also beautify and influence the life of human beings, both of which are satisfying people's needs in terms of human nature, but there is no fundamental difference between them.

The introduction and thinking of Western modern design idea, often will form to break away from traditional arts and crafts, think one refers to art design is with traditional arts and crafts separation, this is a one-sided view. The development of modern art design does not imply a total negation of the tradition, and the brilliance of the traditional Tao is not because of the rise of modern art design, but the two are gradually converging. (15) As Mr Zhang Daoyi said: "It is not necessary for me to judge the right and wrong by opposing it." (1) Recognizing the relationship between arts and crafts and artistic design, we naturally will not put the two opposite, and it is necessary to continue to the half a century to maintain China's fine craft tradition. But the current situation is that the traditional arts and crafts in the loss of market and demand after how to protect their heritage, may need all levels of government support and administrative tilt. Otherwise: There are some folk arts and crafts, has been marginalized, aging, loneliness, towards the depths of the twilight. (16) This means that we will lose the rich cultural heritage of traditional arts and crafts, if still lightly, is bound to be the future generations will not want to see regret.

Art design is a creation activity, it has certain aesthetic attribute and spiritual value, and design thought refers to the integration of the metaphysical spiritual carrier accompanying and producing in the process of human creative creation, which is the summation of creative thinking in the bidirectional alternation of the service of the creator and the creation. The object and result of human activities for life and production is the Tao of man-made things and traditional arts and crafts mentioned above in modern art design. Therefore, as long as there is creation in the existence of the creation of ideas-the existence of design ideas, corresponding to the traditional arts and crafts, this design idea is contained in the past we used to say the meaning of the Tao. It should be said that China's ancient design and ancient Chinese science and technology in the research object there are some overlapping or related, and in the past, in the history of arts and crafts, but rarely pay attention to the ancient scientific and technological equipment research. Today, it is necessary to study the ancient Chinese design instruments to enrich and develop this part of the Virgin land that has not been reclaimed. Therefore, what we call the study of ancient design ideas, more emphasis on ancient science and technology relative to the design of the device creation activities.

In short, art design and arts and crafts, the relationship between the two homologous and different flow. The study of ancient Chinese design creation thought is to meet the needs of today's art and design education, is the call of the Times, but also from the history of Arts and crafts history of the transition to art design history of the inevitable expansion.