Several common Linux commands

Ls

Function: View the files in the directory

Format: direct ls view current directory, or ls parameter / directory name

Parameters:- l View details

-A show hidden files

. represents the current directory

.. Parent Directory

-G uses different colors to mark different types of files (commonly used under Mac OS, ubuntu default ls = ls-g)

Pwd

Role: View Path

Format: Direct pwd View current path, or pwd directory name

Cd

Tips:

Direct CD or CD ~ back to /Home

CD- back to the last switch directory

CD/ back to the root directory

Date

View system time

Hwclock

View BIOS time

Shutdown command:

Shutdown

Format:shutdown parameter

-R Restart (-R+ min) (-Rnow)

-H Shutdown (-h+ min) (-H now)

-C cancel shutdown command

Init

Role: Switching system level

Format: init 0-6

Init 0 is used to immediately switch the system runlevel to 0, i.e. shutdown

Init 6 is used to immediately switch the system RunLevel to 6, that is, restart

Reboot

Restart

RunLevel

View current system Run level

Switch to the graphical interface in the character interface:

1, StartX

Start the graphical interface only, without switching the system RunLevel

2. Init 5

Switching system operating levels

！ $   last parameter of previous command

echo Prints the value of a variable or a string

Create an empty file

Touch file name . extension (can be extended without extension)

Terminal Clear Screen

Ctrl + L

Create an empty folder

mkdir file name (makedirectory)

Mkdir-p/ROOT/1/2/3/4/5 plus parameter - p to create a path directly

Copying files

Cp

-r Copy entire folder (the source folder is created under the target directory)

eg cp-r/etc//root/copy the entire etc to root

-R. /* Copy all files under the entire folder (no source folders are created)

eg cp-r/etc/*/root/ Copy all the files under etc to root

Delete

RM-RF file or directory name

-R Recursive Delete (delete all files in directory and directory)

-F forcibly removed

If you do not add the-r parameter, you are prompted not to delete the directory

Without the- F parameter, you will be asked if you want to delete

Rename / move

MV Source Target

View hard disk usage

Df-h

Viewing the current Mount situation

Mount

Several common Linux commands