Some basic knowledge about OLAP and OLTP

Some basic knowledge about OLAP and OLTP

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Guidance:ArticleThis section describes some basic knowledge about OLAP and OLTP.

Keywords: olap oltp basic knowledge

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OLTP: on_line transaction processing online transaction processing

OLAP: on_line analytical processing Online Analytical Processing

as the name suggests, OLTP focuses on business processing. OLAP is designed to support complex analysis operations, focusing on decision-making support for decision makers and senior management personnel, you can quickly and flexibly process complex queries with large amounts of data as required by analysts, and provide query results in an intuitive manner.

the main differences between OLTP and OLAP are as follows:

(1). Target Users and systems: OLTP is oriented to customers and is processed by employees or customers for transactions or queries. OLAP is oriented to the market, where managers, supervisors, and analysts perform data analysis and decision-making.

(2) data content: the OLTP system manages the current data, which is usually trivial and difficult to use for decision-making. The OLAP system manages a large amount of historical data, provides a collection and aggregation mechanism, and stores and manages information at different granularity levels. These features make the data suitable for decision analysis.

(3) Database Design: Generally, OLTP adopts the ER model and application-oriented database design, OLAP systems generally adopt star or snowflake models and topic-oriented database designs.

(4). View: The OLTP system focuses on the current data of an enterprise or department, regardless of historical data or data of different organizations. On the contrary, OLAP systems often span multiple versions of an enterprise's database model. OLAP systems also process information from different organizations and are integrated by multiple data sources.

(5) Access Mode: access to the OLTP system is mainly composed of short atomic transactions, which requires concurrent control and recovery mechanisms. Most accesses to the OLAP system are read-only operations, and most of them are complex queries.

(6) Metric: OLTP focuses on daily real-time operations. Therefore, the transaction throughput is used as the metric. OLAP measures the query throughput and response time.

the above two concepts are initially identified. In the future, the concept of full-mouth running can be slightly prevented.