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Linux file system

Bin directory: Executable program

Boot directory: Files related to Linux startup

Dev directory: Devices are stored as files

ETC Directory: Configuration file

Home directory: User files

LIB Directory: library-related files

Root directory: Root user files

Sbin directory: Binary executable file

TMP Directory: Temp file

Working mode

Switch to character mode init3 switch to graphical mode init5

Important hotkeys

[Tab] Auto-completing

[Ctrl]+c terminating a running program

[Ctrl]+d Exit Character interface

User

User information saved in/etc/passwd

Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

User name: Password: uid:groupid: User's full name: Owner directory: Command parser for user execution commands

Uid:root user occupies 0, system user occupies 1-499, average user occupies 500-60000

User groups

There can be multiple users in a group, one user can belong to a different group

User group information is saved in/etc/group root:x:0: Group name: Group Password: GroupID: Member in Group

File properties

To view file properties using the LL command

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 October 12 10:16 Desktop

1. File access rights:

1. File type (1-bit)-Indicates that normal file D represents a catalog file

2. File owner access rights (3-bit)

3. User access rights (3-bit) for the group to which the file belongs

4. Other User access rights (3-bit) R: Readable w: writable x: Executable

2. Number of files

3. Owner of the file

4. Group to which the file belongs

5. File Size (byte)

6. File creation time

7. File name

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