Summary of common Linux commands

Summary of common Linux commands

Common commands in Linux-file and directory operations

Files And Directories
	Command	Option	Annotation	Example
Basic File Operations	Ls	[Option] [file]	Show all files and directories	Ls-al
		-A ()	Show all files and directories, including hidden files and directories (show all files and directories, including hidden files and directories, but not realistic "." and "." Directories)	View Details of all files in the current directory = ll
		-L	Displays complete attribute information for files and directories.
		-D
	Cd	+ Path	Change current path	Cd/etc to the etc directory
	Pwd		Show current path	Pwd displays the current path
	Mkdir	+ Directory name	Create directory	Mkdir abc create abc directory
		-P	Create a parent directory when the parent directory does not exist
	Rmdir	+ Directory name	Delete A directory. Only empty directories can be deleted.	Rmdir abc Delete abc directory
	Cp	[Option] Source Target	Copy a file	Cp-r test/usr/copy all contents in the test directory under the current directory, including subdirectories, to the usr directory
		-R	Replicate directories cyclically
		-F
	Mv	Source Target		Mv test/usr/move the test directory under the current directory to the usr directory
	Rm	[Option] File Name	Delete	Rm-rf test forcibly deletes the test directory and all files and subdirectories in the current directory.
		-R	Cyclic deletion is often used to delete directories, indicating that all files in directories and directories are deleted.
		-F	Force Delete not prompted
View File Content	Cat	[Option] File Name	View File Content	Cat-nb/etc/inittab displays the content of the inittab file under the etc directory, displaying the row number but not empty lines
		-N	Display row numbers together
		-B	Line numbers are displayed together, but empty rows are not displayed.
	More	+ File name	Same as cat. If the file contains more than 40 lines, it will be displayed on a split screen. Press enter to move down a single line or press ctrl + f to flip the page and press q to exit browsing.	Same as cat
	Head (tail)	[Option] File Name	Display 10 rows before (after) the file	Head-5/test
		-N	Number of rows displayed	Display the first five lines of the test file in the current directory
	Cut	Option [file]	Select a part of each row in the file.	Cut-d ":"-f 2 c.txt
		-D	Use (...) for segmentation	To: split each c.txtline and display the second column of each line in the c.txt document
		-F	Column number
Link file	Ln	[Option] Source Target	Sets the link file. If the parameter is null, a hard link is created by default.	Ln (-d) ct. sh dlink
		-S	Create a symbolic link	Create a dlink hard link in the current directory to point to ct. sh
		-D	Create a hard link
Search for text and directories	Find	[Path] [Option] File Name	You can specify a directory and all subdirectories for search, because the hard disk search speed is slow.	Find.-name "*. txt"-atime 1
		-Name file	Search for a file named name file with wildcards *	Find the TXT file in the current directory.
	Locate	+ File name	Searching from an existing database is extremely fast, but the database content needs to be updated in real time. You can use the updatedb command to manually update the database.	Use the same as find
	Which	+ File name	Find the location of the executable file and find it through the path under the Environment Variable path	Which ls
	Whereis	[Option] File Name	Search Based on the Set directory. Instead of the directory under path, you can customize the directory.	Whereis ls
		-B	Search for binary files only
		-M	Only find the instruction file
	Grep	Option pattern (included string) file name	Indicates to find a row containing the specified content in a text file.	Grep-n 456 B .txt
		-N	Show row number	Displays B .txt with 456 rows and displays row numbers
		-I	String is case insensitive	Grep-v 456 B .txt
		-V	Reverse query: searches for lines that do not contain the specified content in a text file.	Display B .txt rows that do not contain 456
File and directory permissions	Chown	[Option] user: group directory or file name	Change the owner and group of files or directories	Chown-R lucy: root lamp
		-R	All files under the directory are changed.	Change the owner of the lamp directory and all its files and sub-directory files in the current directory to lucy, and change the group to root.
	Chmod	[Option] [parameter] directory or file name	Change the read and write permissions of files or directories	1. chmod 760 ct. sh: Change the permission of the ct. sh file in the current directory to rwxrw ----
		-R	All files under the directory are changed.	2. chmod ug = rwx, o = r ct. sh change the permission of the ct. sh file in the current directory to rwxrwxr --
				3. chmod g-r, o + w ct. sh remove the read permission of the group to which the ct. sh file in the current directory belongs, and grant the write permission to others.

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