The author is the operation and maintenance engineer, a little bit of knowledge of Linux, now say what you need to master what aspects of the tool bar. When it comes to tools, it can be said to be a skill, which is what we call a tool in the line, a tool that must be mastered by operations. I will probably list these aspects, so the introduction is basically no problem.
Linux system if the study can choose Redhat or CentOS, especially CentOS in the enterprise to use the most, of course there will be other versions, but the learners still learn in these 2 versions of the line, because these two versions are brothers, no difference, have time to study the SuSE, Some companies also like to use.
- System Basics
This needless to say, the basis of the foundation, even this will not do, reference books, you can see the Bird Brother Linux Foundation, at least to master the book 60% content, there is no need to master, but the basic command always will.
- Network Services
There are many kinds of services, each company with the service is not the same, but the basic services must be mastered, such as Ftp/dns/samba, these several probably learn about the line, lamp and LNMP are must be skilled, I mean is not light will build, but to be very familiar with the configuration in the inside of the line, Because the company's most critical is absolutely web services, so nginx and Apache to be familiar with, especially nginx must be very familiar with the line, and some companies will use Tomcat, this is also the best to learn. Other network services do not worry too much, the general company's environment has been set up, even if there is a new server or let you rectification, the company will have a corresponding document to let you refer to, will not let you mess, but at least the relevant configuration must be learned, and certainly is compiled and installed more, those modules to be familiar with his role, In particular PHP those modules.
The above two points is only the foundation, is also the necessary condition, cannot say is the tool, below is really to grasp the tool.
- Shell scripts and another scripting language
Shell is an operations engineer must have, do not understand this even into the job, at least to write some system management scripts, the simplest also have to write a monitoring CPU, memory ratio script, this is the most basic, do not think will write those guessing numbers and calculate what number, these do not have any effect, only for learning significance, Writing system scripts is the most meaningful, and another scripting language is optional, generally 3P, that is, Python/perl and php,php do not need to consider, unless you want to do development, personal advice to learn python will be better, easy to automate operations, Perl is very powerful text processing, Anyway, these two can learn one.
- Sed and awk tools
It must be mastered that in mastering these two tools, you also need to master the regular expression, which is painful, is the most difficult to learn the expression, but the combination of SED and awk is very powerful, in the processing of text content and filtering Web content is very useful, but at the same time as the shell is often used in combination, So the 3rd will be the way to learn the 4th.
- Text Processing commands
Sort/tr/cut/paste/uniq/tee and so on, must learn, is also combined with the 3rd study together.
- MySQL Database
Preferred MySQL database, do not ask why I do not learn SQL Server and Oracle database, because Linux is used to be the most absolute MySQL database, adding and removing changes must learn, especially to learn, other aspects may not be necessary, because the operation and maintenance engineers use the most or check, Other optimization and development statements will not let you get it.
- iptables Firewall
Do not learn, firewall is also a difficult point, said difficult, said easy, the most important to understand the rules, if learning CCNA friends may be more studious, because iptables also have NAT table, the principle is the same, and the filter table is the most used, anyway, not to learn is definitely not qualified.
- Monitoring Tools
Very important, personal advice, it is best to learn these 3 Cacti/nagios/zabbix, enterprises should use the most should be nagios and Zabbix, anyway, learn it, but Nagios will be a bit difficult, because it will involve the use of scripting automatic monitoring, the place is difficult.
- Cluster and hot standby
This is very important, and must understand, but to the company will not let you go, because the novice basically do not let you touch, cluster tools have many kinds, the best learning is LVS, it is necessary to learn, the best learning nginx cluster, reverse proxy, and hot spare, this will have more tools to achieve, Like my company is their own development of hot spare tools, MySQL to learn, is the master-slave copy, this individual told me easy, in fact, it is not easy, want to learn to understand the whole process is not easy, just do not have the meaning of doing nothing.
- Data backup
Do not learn, there are many tools, but at least to understand the principle of raid, especially the most commonly used enterprises 10, do their own experiments to get out, backup tools have a lot, such as Tar/dump/rsync, it is better to learn more.
The above is to step into the Linux operations industry need to master the tools, in fact, there are many tools to master, but you in the learning environment is very difficult to learn, and finally remind that the tools here are equivalent to skills, rather than Windows or Ubuntu those graphical tools. Also, want to learn Linux do not install the graphical interface, as far as possible in the command-only interface, and it is absolutely not recommended to install the Linux system on the real machine, so that can not achieve the effect of learning.
The skills that Linux operations engineers need to master
