How many points should Tsinghua play?

"First-class" and "second-rate" controversy, posterity seems to be bored, the weight of a university, not grading, but in the contribution.　　"China Economic weekly" reporter Yao Dongchen Tsinghua University from the world's top schools how far?　　Ten years ago, the slogan "Building a world-class university", Tsinghua Lead, announced the completion of 10 years or so "world-class university."　　Gu Binglin, president of Tsinghua University, said in January this year that the 100 anniversary of the construction of the school in 2011 made Tsinghua University among the world's leading universities. Blink of an eye, Tsinghua Centennial Anniversary will be, it can get "world-class" this title for the occasion of the celebration? What is the gap between it and the world's top universities? What efforts has it made to become a "world-class"?　　What is the international evaluation of Tsinghua University? The definition of "world-class university" is inconclusive.　　However, from the comments, we can find some commonalities, such as: talent (including teachers and students), scientific research, academic achievements, innovative ability, is the world's leading universities are indispensable evaluation indicators. March 7, the NPC Standing Committee chairman, Tsinghua alumni Wu Bangguo inspected Tsinghua University, said: "First-class universities should become the basic research and High-tech frontier field of original innovation, should be the important source of theoretical innovation and cultural innovation, Should be an important platform for gathering outstanding innovative talents and an important base for training creative talents. Zhihong, the former president of Peking University, who is not currently a world-class university in China, said: "World-class university" has 3 Main standards: First, there are well-known international professors engaged in first-class research work, and there are a large number of impact on human civilization and socio-economic development of the results　　Three is to cultivate a large number of human civilization to make a great contribution to the outstanding students.　　With Tsinghua University President Gu Binglin in the 2011 New Year's dedication, it is "the way of the university, educating people-oriented, academic for the soul, master for the first, responsibility is paramount".　　International authoritative University rankings, such as "American News and World Report", "Thames Higher Education", "QS World University Rankings", will measure the "world-class university" of the indicators: Peer evaluation, employer evaluation, academic achievements, international integration, industry influence and so on.　　In the Hundred years of Tsinghua, we intend to take these rulers to measure Tsinghua, an international perspective of Tsinghua.　　"First-class university" suspense 2010-2011 "Thames Higher Education" University rankings, the top 100 Chinese universities on the list of 5: The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology ranked 21st and 41st, Beida, USTC ranked 37th and 49th, Tsinghua University is ranked 58th.　　Tsinghua University ranked 54th in the United States news and World Report and the QS World University Rankings, both at the University of Hong Kong and in the north.　　Such rankings, for the upcoming centennial of Tsinghua, is not good news. It is undeniable that even the most authoritative university rankings, can not fully reflect the full face of a university, PaiThe order of names is also for reference only, but by comparing the scores in detail, we can find some problems to consider. Why, for example, is Hong Kong's university ranking ahead of Tsinghua? You know, compared with the big guys like Tsinghua, they are just little brother. Why, for example, did Tsinghua get a high score in industrial income, or even far more than Harvard? It is the impression that Harvard has the prestigious Harvard Fund, is one of the richest universities. Is Tsinghua a reveal "rich man"?　　Also, there is "China MIT" called Tsinghua University, should be strong in academic, but we see, "paper citation rate" and other related academic indicators, Tsinghua University scored very low. Tsinghua has even ranked 100 in the rankings of Shanghai Jiaotong University, which focuses on academic performance.　　The number of teachers in the rankings, "the number of scientists who have received the Nobel Prize and The Fields Award (awarded every four years by the International Conference of Mathematicians for the award of Outstanding Young Mathematicians)", and "the most frequently cited scientist of all disciplines", has scored only 0 points.　　If you are careful, you will find that these problems are not from the beginning of today, and not through the university rankings to suddenly appear.　　Many people may remember the 2006 debate about whether Tsinghua University is second-rate. At that time, in the context of the expansion of mainland enrollment in Hong Kong colleges and universities, Shire, an assistant professor of history at Suffolk University in Boston, proposed that "Hong Kong universities will sweep Peking University to be second-rate," and that Tsinghua University should be "second-rate". These remarks caused heated debate. Some people began to praise Hong Kong colleges and universities and criticize Tsinghua University.　　They believe that Hong Kong's top universities have a freer academic atmosphere, better professors, a broader international perspective, a more modern concept of talent cultivation and a more generous scholarship, while Peking University Tsinghua is dominated by the executive, lack of free academic space, professors of good quality, quick success ... Such a view, though not necessarily correct, does represent a part of the observer's view.　　In the eyes of Western investigators, the real gap between Peking University, Tsinghua University and the top universities in Asia and China, such as Hong Kong and Japan, is expressed in academic ability and international degree.　　In the "Thames Higher Education" University rankings, "International Integration", the University of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong Science and Technology University scored 91.4 and 97.4 respectively, and Tsinghua had only 43.0 points. Western investigators believe that Tsinghua still needs to work on internationalization. Internationalization is not the number of students can be represented. "In the past 20-30 years, Chinese universities have been more focused on the expansion of the number of students, now it is time to pay attention to quality."　　John Hannis, President of Stanford University, said last year in China to attend the forum of Chinese and foreign university presidents, China is going to build world-class universities, 20 years, 50 years slow. At the "citation rate", Tsinghua scored far less than Hong Kong's universities.　　Compared with the high score of 96.1 and 98.2 for the University of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology respectively, Tsinghua had only 52.7 points. It is conceivable that theCited papers, often those high-quality, original papers, Tsinghua in this indicator of backwardness, partly reflects its lack of academic level.　　What is a real strength?　　Through the "QS World University Rankings" ranking, the comparison, we will find that Tsinghua scored high, one is the most reflective of a university's international reputation of "peer evaluation" and the second is the evaluation of the graduate employer. "Brand, is Tsinghua's gold assets." It is one of the top universities in China.　　Bloomberg Businessweek said.　　In addition, in the "Thames Higher Education" University rankings, Tsinghua in the "industry income" a high score. If Harvard is rich, it's not news. The prestigious Harvard Endowment Fund is the top U.S. institutional investor, with a scale of over 20 billion dollars.　　But in "industry income" one, Harvard had only 34.5 points, and Tsinghua scored 97.8 points. "The purpose and requirements of running a school in China are constantly changing. In the past, key universities such as Tsinghua University's mission and goal is to train talent. Over the years, the school has a more purpose, that is, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, directly for the economic and social services.　　Professor Sun Jiming, deputy director of the School council of Tsinghua University, said in an interview with the media.　　It should be said that in the "industrial income" a high score is not only the performance of Tsinghua itself, but also reflects Tsinghua's scientific and technological achievements into productivity, driving China's economic development forward. "As the undisputed top science and technology university in the country, Tsinghua is often called ' MIT in China '. "The Chinese economy is undergoing a transformation and Tsinghua must devote a great part of its energy to research related to China," Bloomberg Businessweek reported. "From Tsinghua University in recent years, the results of scientific research, we can also see that, such as" high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant "," Tsinghua first "micro-satellite, urban bus multi-energy integrated hybrid system, Daqing oilfield high water cut in the late 40 million tons of sustainable and stable production and high efficiency exploration and development technology, and so on, none of the national strategic needs　　, which is closely related to the economy, national defense security and major basic research.　　Foreign media commented that in the special period of China's economic development, the evaluation of Tsinghua, can not be divorced from the Chinese society, China's economic environment, we must mention Tsinghua's contribution to China's economy and even the world economic development.　　Tsinghua University to the world at the beginning of the establishment of a stay in the United States Preparatory School, now rooted in China, a century-old Tsinghua is still "evil complement" internationalization. At present, Tsinghua has signed a school agreement with more than 200 schools around the world, signed a student exchange agreement with 82 overseas institutions, and the number of students travelling abroad has increased year by year. From the proportion of students sent, about 40% of the PhD, 25% of undergraduates have overseas learning experience.　　At the centennial celebration of Tsinghua University in 2011, 30% of undergraduates had overseas education experience. The scale of Tsinghua's overseas students is also steadily expanding, especially for graduate students who have grown from 205 in 2004 to 895 in 2009, up 3.3 times times. Up to 20In the 10, foreign postgraduate students will be in the scale of more than 1000 people, the proportion of graduate students can exceed 7%.　　Foreign postgraduate students in the scale and proportion of the National university first. In 2010, the Tsinghua MBA had more than 45% foreign students. This is the highest proportion of Chinese MBA schools.　　Bloomberg Businessweek reported.　　Not only to expand the expatriate students and teachers, Tsinghua University's international efforts also include world-class universities, research institutions and overseas well-known multinational companies. 2009, around the "development of Low-carbon Energy, in response to climate change," the current international community's focus, "Tsinghua University, Cambridge, United States of America, MIT set up" Tsinghua-Cambridge-mit Low Carbon Alliance "for China's low-carbon economy and Low-carbon Society to provide advanced energy technology and policy decision reference　　Tsinghua University has established joint research centers with more than 30 overseas enterprises, such as Toyota Motor Company, joint technology company and BP, and has actively and effectively integrated the scientific, intellectual and financial resources of both sides, producing a large number of influential scientific research cooperation projects and scientific research. "Without the success of international cooperation and communication, there will be no world class universities." Gu Binglin, as the president thinks.　　Tsinghua University plans to achieve leapfrog development through international cooperation and ranks among the "world-class universities". So how many years can Tsinghua become "world-class"? The answer may be 2020, because by then China will have to build an innovative country.　　It can be expected that by then, Tsinghua will assume the responsibilities and play a role in it. Perhaps, we do not have to wait for Tsinghua to become "world-class." Because, for a university, than to become "world-class" more important, is how many talents it has trained, how many scientific research has been introduced, what country has done.