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Resident campus network (LAN), which allows users to share resources from any country in the world.Internet for Network interconnectionHardware support-such as routers and various lines-connects the geographically dispersed networks physically.The software supports the--TCP/IP protocol. The internet is a network based
control protocol is a connection-oriented, reliable, and byte-stream-based transport layer communication protocol.
UDP: User datagrams protocol is a simple datagram-oriented transport layer protocol.
OSPF: Open Shortest Path First (Open Shortest Path First) is an implementation of the Link State routing
code: Identification Area010-123456780316-7351111192.168.1.1-----> First Look at the first number for 192-----> belongs to Class C address Network + Net + Net + Master192.168.1.2192.168.1.1:192.168.1 area (network), host with number 1192.168.2.1:192.168.2 area (network), host with number 1密码 Taren1Configure IP Address? Operation Steps:– Right-click the Desktop Network---> Properties---> Change adapter set
code: Identification Area010-123456780316-7351111192.168.1.1-----> First Look at the first number for 192-----> belongs to Class C address Network + Net + Net + Master192.168.1.2192.168.1.1:192.168.1 area (network), host with number 1192.168.2.1:192.168.2 area (network), host with number 1密码 Taren1Configure IP Address? Operation Steps:– Right-click the Desktop Network---> Properties---> Change adapter set
to transmit telephone signals over the Internet.1.1.4 Application Layer
The application layer is responsible for application logic. The above layer-3 protocol system is responsible for handling network communication details, which must be stable and efficient, so it is implemented in the kernel. The application layer is implemented in the user space.
There are many application layer protocols, for example:
Chapter Review:"TCP/IP Detailed Volume 1: Agreement" 1th Chapter Overview-Reading Notes1. IntroductionAs can be seen from figure 1-4, in the TCP/IP protocol family, the link layer has three main purposes:(1) send and receive IP da
Chapter I. Overview
TCP/IP protocol family: four-layer protocol system
Link layer (Data Link layer, network interface layer)Device drivers and network interface cards.
Network layer (Internet layer)Handles the grouping of activities in the network, Poin
The difference between HTTP, TCP/IP protocol and socket Network is divided from bottom to top: www.2cto.com Physical Layer- NBSP Data Link layer--network layer-- IP Protocol Transport Layer-- TCP
Repost TCP/IP protocol simple analysis
First, TCP/IP and IP are two different protocols. They are divided into different layers in the layer-7 network model. IP is the network layer
with the ability to access services at other layers and defines the protocol that applications use to exchange data.
Transport)
The transport layer corresponds to the transport layer and some Session Layer functions of the OSI model. It provides session and datagram communication services for the application layer. The core protocol of the transport layer is the Transmission Control
this article reprinted to http://www.2cto.com/net/201211/166537.html
The difference between HTTP, TCP/IP protocol and socket network from bottom to top: www.2cto.com Physical Layer- Data Link layer-Network layer- NBSP ; IP
The network is divided from bottom to top:Physical Layer--Data Link layer--Network Layer--IP protocolTransport Layer--TCP protocolSession Layer--Presentation layer and Application Layer-HTTP protocol1. TCP/IP connectionmobile phone can use the network function is because the bottom of the mobile phone implementation of
protocol must), but the RFC standard requires that the sender should calculate the test and.UDP verifies and overwrites the UDP protocol header and data, which is different from the IP check and the IP protocol is verified and only overwrites the
Overview
This article discusses how to query the TCP/IP protocol stack of a host to collect valuable information. FirstFirst, I enumerated several "classic" operating system identification methods outside the stack fingerprint. And thenI described the "process status" of the stack fingerprint tool. Next, let the remote host leak itsSome techniques of information.
1. Hardware (physical layer) The bottom layer of TCP/IP is the hardware responsible for data transfer. This hardware is equivalent to a physical layer of equipment such as Ethernet or telephone lines.2. The network interface layer (data link layer) network interface layer communicates with the data link layer in Ethernet, so it belongs to interface layer. It can also be considered as a NIC driver. Drivers a
and easy to implement, but the disadvantage is that the reliability is poor, once the packet is sent, it is impossible to know whether the other party received.In order to solve this problem and improve the network reliability, the TCP protocol was born.This protocol is more complex, you can simply understand that on the basis of UDP added some to ensure that th
The network is divided from bottom to top:Physical Layer--Data Link layer--Network Layer--IP protocolTransport Layer--TCP protocolSession Layer--Presentation layer and Application Layer-HTTP protocol1. TCP/IP connectionMobile phone can use the network function is because the bottom of the mobile phone implementation of
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