OSI 7-layer models corresponding to each layer of the OSI model OSI reference model data encapsulation process OSI reference model VS TCP/IP Reference Model TCP/IP layer corresponding to each layer of the protocol TCP/IP Layer the corresponding TCP/IP protocol is applied to the Application layer of hardware devices at
to make a mistake. This layer specifies the topology and provides hardware addressing;Layer 1th Physical layer: At the very bottom of the OSI reference Model. The primary function of the physical layer is to use physical transport media to provide a physical connection to the data link layer for transparent transfer of bitstream.When data is sent, it is transmitted from the seventh layer to the first layer, while receiving data is reversed.The upper
In the OSI Reference Model, from bottom to top, each layer accomplishes different, targeted functions. 1. Physical layer (physical layers)The physical layer specifies the mechanical, electrical, functional, and process characteristics that activate, maintain, and close communication endpoints. This layer provides a physical medium for the upper level protocol to transmit data. in this layer, the unit of dat
Ha, finally to the network knowledge article. Always do not know how to write this blog, because the knowledge point is too much, the content is really not good to write Ah! But, after all, as an IT staff, do not learn network knowledge how to go out? So, to the next, before the explanation, I first come to the concept of science, what is the OSI seven layer model?The so-called seven-layer model is actually nonexistent and is an imaginary network mode
In this topic, we will discuss network security from the perspective of OSI hierarchy. We will study the OSI stack in depth from the physical layer to the application layer. Starting from analyzing vulnerabilities at each layer, this paper assumes the various possibilities of these vulnerabilities and discusses security defense measures at each network layer. After discussing all the technical aspects, we d
Many training institutions and training tutorials have taken the "OSI Reference Model" as the beginning of the curriculum, which is a very important foundation for our learning network. The following is the OSI structure diagramOSI: Layer Seventh Application layer (application)Sixth Layer Presentation layer (Presentation)Level fifth sessionFourth layer Transport Layer (TRANSPORT)Third Layer Network layer (n
The gateway works on the layer 4 transmission layer and above.
Network Layer: vro
Data link layer: bridge, switch
Physical Layer: Nic, network cable, Hub, repeater, Modem
OSI has 7 layers: application layer, presentation layer, Session Layer, transmission layer, data link layer, and physical layer. [7]: application layer. The FTP, DNS, HTTP, and SMTP application lay
ISO/OSI network models have been porting Android video codec recently. I haven't written a blog for a long time. I want to write something about the network. I first introduced the ISO network model to my shoes. First, I will draw a picture for your understanding. Www.2cto.comBased on the reference model diagram above, I will explain each layer of the ISO/OSI reference model as follows: 1. If two computers
LayerThe closest to the user, to provide Internet services to the user application.TCP/IP Model:1.application LayerHandles high-level protocol, presentation, coding, and session control issues, and ensures that the data is properly packaged.2.transport LayerTcp:transmission Control ProtocolUdp:user Datagram ProtocolThe format of the data is segement3.Internet LayerIndependent of path and network, function is path selection and message exchange, IP protocol.4.network Access LayerCare about all t
This section summarizes the overall framework of network communication and its underlying process.
We have learned about the creation and application of sockets, in fact, we are only using sockets this tool, the underlying details of which we are shielded. To complete the data transmission through the Internet, in fact, not only software can be solved, but also need to build hardware systems. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, many experts gathered together, these people are har
1. Relationship between the OSI seven layer and the TCP/IP four layer
1.1 OSI introduces the concepts of services, interfaces, protocols, and hierarchies, and TCP/IP builds the TCP/IP model using these concepts from OSI.
1.2 OSI first has the model, then has the agreement, first has the standard, then carries on the pr
OSI has 7 layers, application layer, presentation layer, Session Layer, transmission layer, data link layer, and physical layer.
The application layer is the only window in which the network can provide application services to end users. Its purpose is to support the requirements of applications connected to users. Due to different user requirements, the application layer contains a variety of application
The correspondence between the OSI model and the TCP/IP protocol the layers of popular TCP/IP protocols are not divided by the OSI reference model, but have a general correspondence with them. Network layer protocols mainly include the IP protocol to encapsulate and send IP packets. Grouping routing and avoiding blocking are the key design issues here. The Transp
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OSI seven-layer model Open Systems Interconnect (open System interconnect), the model is divided into 7 layers, from bottom to top:650) this.width=650;" src="Http://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M01/86/CB/wKiom1fK40KA9POtAAAo3ddvB
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A layer (Layer) is an HTML page element that you can position anywhere on the page. Layers can contain text, images, or other HTML documents. The appearance of the layer makes the Web page extend from two-dimensional plane to three dimensions. You can make elements on the page overlap and complex layouts. First, take a look at the following figure:
Let's start with a layer.
1, in the "Window" menu, select "Lay
theoryFirst, I would like to ask a few questions first:(1) In Webgis, is the topographic map itself raster or vector data?(2) When the user needs to interact with the layer, such as the need for the layer to respond to the Click event, return the attribute at the click, when the layer is displayed with the data of the grid, or vector data?(3) It is necessary to determine the topological relationship of two layers, such as determining which houses in
Errors that may occur after you start editing:If ArcMap encounters a problem starting an edit session on the selected data, a dialog box pops up to provide additional information. You may receive an error, warning, or informational message.
When an error occurs, the user cannot start any edit sessions. You can edit the data only if the problem is resolved. You receive an error message if there are no editable data sources, licensing issues (for example, if you try to edit certain types
The basic functions of the OSI network layer the network layer needs to execute four basic tasks: Addressing, encapsulating, unencapsulating, and routing with IP addresses. The first three items are easy to understand. routing is the most complex and technical part. 1. Grouping hosts into networks is very social. To facilitate management, hosts are grouped according to certain characteristics. When grouping, refer to three aspects: 1. Geographical Loc
Osi:open System interconnection Open Systems interconnectBirth date: The 1970sDevelopment Organization: ISO (International Organization for Standardization)Historical reasons for the OSI Reference Model:International hope that different manufacturers of products can communicate with each other.Features: LayeringDefinition of a layer: a logical grouping of functionally similar functions during communicationTiering Benefits1. Reduce the difficulty and c
Layers in OSI
Function
TCP/IP protocol family
Application Layer
File transmission, email, file service, virtual terminal
TFTP, HTTP, SNMP, FTP, SMTP, DNS, Rip, Telnet
Presentation Layer
Data formatting, code conversion, and Data Encryption
No agreement
Session Layer
Release or establish contact with other contacts
No agreement
Transport Layer
Pr
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