Recently, I read the memory layout of objects with virtual inheritance levels in the inside C ++, and found that the implementations in different compilers are different. Therefore, I explored it myself. The result is as follows:First, let's talk about the GCC compiler.It is easy to implement. No matter whether it is virtual inheritance or not, GCC shares the
Memory AreaThe Java Virtual machine divides the memory he manages into several different data regions during the execution of a Java program. The Java Virtual Machine specification divides the memory managed by the JVM into the following runtime data areas: program counters,
in memory management, Java differs from C and C + + in that Java has dynamic memory allocation and garbage collection technology, but usually we seldom pay attention to the memory structure of the JVM and the GC, in the event of a memory leak or overflow problem, the troubleshooting work will become extremely difficult
Recently, I read the memory layout of objects with virtual inheritance levels in the inside C ++, and found that the implementations in different compilers are different. Therefore, I explored it myself. The result is as follows:
First, let's talk about the GCC compiler.
It is easy to implement. No matter whether it is virtual inheritance or not, GCC shares t
Vmstat is short for Virtual Memory Statistics:The physical memory is the size of the computer memory. Reading and Writing data from the physical memory is much faster than reading and writing data from the hard disk, while the memory
The main article is read the deep understanding of Java Virtual Machine: JVM advanced Features and Best Practices Chapter II: Java memory area and memory overflow exceptionSome of the notes and summaries.Okay, here we go. If there are any errors or omissions, please point out.I. OverviewFirst, a picture.This diagram mainly lists several areas of
first, the Java memory composition is introduced:堆(Heap)And非堆(Non-heap)Memory
According to the official statement, "Java virtual machines have a heap, the heap is a runtime data region, and all class instances and arrays of memory are allocated from here." The heap is created when the Java
Since the work, the more written code, the program is increasingly bloated, less efficient, for me such a pursuit of the perfect programmer, this is absolutely not allowed, so in addition to constantly optimize the program structure, memory optimization and performance tuning has become my usual "trick."
To perform memory optimization and performance tuning on Java programs, do not understand the internal
The last time I provided a code response,
Since C ++ stand (C ++ Standards Committee) does not specify specific implementation methods, each compiler vendor may adopt different implementation methods,
The methods used in different ages may be different, and different results may be obtained. Here, I use vc7.1 as a debugging tool
Deeply analyzes the memory layout in the C ++ virtual inheritance step by step;
Recently, I suffered from virtual memory and received reports saying that our products will be restarted from time to time, and the report said that "the memory used exceeds 5 GB ".
Restarting is the mechanism of our product. We will monitor the memory, perform GC and restart the application beyond a certain limit, b
1. PrefaceThere are several more important concepts that need to be popularized before garbage collection.2. Concepts and differences in memory overflow and memory leaks:(1): Memory overflow: Refers to the program in the application of memory, there is not enough memory spac
Java Virtual Machine (2) automatic memory management mechanism, Java Virtual Machine1. Summary
In the deep understanding of Java Virtual Machine (JVM) study Note 1 Automatic Memory Management Mechanism (I), we listed the following issues:This article mainly summarizes questi
Today, we can see the road to cloud computing in the blog Park.ArticleReprinted.
Physical memory, as its name implies, is the space provided by the memory stick on your computer's motherboard.
Page file, which is a space on the hard disk and is displayed as a file in windows. The meaning of this page file is that after the physical memory is fully occupied, t
Course Outline:The 1th verse says in front, 00:05:07 minutes.Section 2nd the whole part to be explained 00:06:58 minutes3rd. The relationship between environment construction and JDK,JRE,JVM 00:20:48 min4th JVM Initial Experience-analysis and resolution of memory overflow problem 00:17:59 minutes5th JVM Re-experience-JVM visual monitoring tool 00:21:17 min6th Session 00:12:37 MinutesSection 7th History of Java development 00:27:24 minSection 8th Histo
I. Terms of virtual memory
Virtual Memory
In the storage allocation mechanism, although the standby address is a part of the primary memory, it can also be addressable. The address used by the program to reference the memory
Android5.0, art virtual machines must be compatible with the features of Dalvik virtual machines, but art has a good feature AOT (ahead of time), This feature is that when we install the APK, Dex is processed directly into the machine code that can be used directly for the art virtual machine. Art virtual machines con
, you need to make large-scale memory release so that the process can run, and secondly, in physical memory, the different processes are "visible", That is, a process can "access" other processes in some way, which creates a tremendous degree of insecurity. Virtual memory/Virtual
1. Run-time data area
1.1 Program Counters
The program counter is a thread-isolated area where each thread has a separate program counter.
It is a small amount of memory space, the bytecode interpreter by changing the counter to select the next byte code instruction to execute, branch, loop, jump, exception handling, thread recovery and other basic functions need to rely on it to complete.1.2 Java Virtual
The MMU Memory Management Unit is responsible for converting the virtual memory address to the physical memory address.
Later, when studying the page table, we can see that when a process requests access to its memory, it is the responsibility of the operating system to
Zookeeper
1. The operating system assigns a virtual address ranging from 0 to 4G to each process.
2. Relationship between virtual memory and physical memory
Summary:
The minimum unit for memory management in program a is page (4096 bytes). If the required
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