This series of articles summarizes Linux network stacks, including:(1) Linux Network protocol Stack Summary(2) Network multipart offload technology Gso/tso/ufo/lro/gro in non-virtualized Linux environment(3) QEMU/KVM Network multipart offload technology in virtualized Linux environment Gso/tso/ufo/lro/gro1. Linux
I. Concept of Computer Network
What is computer network?
A computer network connects multiple computers distributed in different geographical locations and operated independently using communication devices or lines, A fully functional network software (such as network proto
Implement a two-way NAT virtual network card, nat virtual network cardProblem description and solution are still old problems. NAT configured through iptables in Linux cannot be used in two-way communication environments, you cannot configure a NAT rule to perform NAT on the traffic actively initiated in both directions. There are several solutions to this problem:1. the NAT configuration of the two NAT rul
Get Network Connection StatusWith the promotion of 3G and WiFi, more and more Android applications need to call network resources and detect the network connection status becomes the necessary function of network application.The Android platform provides the Connectivitymanager class for detection of
1. From level two IP address to level three IP address:* * Level Two IP address design unreasonable:The utilization of ①IP address space is sometimes very low;② assigns a network number to each physical network, which causes the routing table to become too large and thus causes the network performance to become worse;③ level Two IP address is not flexible;2. subn
, the objective function of SVM is still convex. Not specifically expanded in this chapter, the seventh chapter is detailed.Another option is to fix the number of base functions in advance, but allow them to adjust their parameters during the training process, which means that the base function can be adjusted. In the field of pattern recognition, the most typical algorithm for this method is the forward neural network (Feed-forward Neural Networks, h
OpenStack network summary: basic concepts of the network in openstack
Openstack-install-guide-yum-icehouse.pdf/7. Add a networking service/Networking concepts
OpenStack's Neutron can manage Virtual Network Infrastructure (VNI) and physical network infrastructure (PNI) in the OpenStack environment ). OpenStack's Neutron
Network Telephony Application of network developmentFirst, the original telephone communication introductionWe are familiar with the telephone communication methods, generally there are two kinds. One is a wired landline, the other is a wireless mobile phone (where I see wireless landline phones as a landline). Although the two kinds of telephone communication in different ways, but all in people's communic
CENTOS7 Unable to start the Network (Service network restart) Error resolution:(The following methods are online copy, but also thank Yumbo Master sharing)Systemctl status Network.service The following error occurredWorkaround for "Rtnetlink answers file exists"The first kind: and NetworkManager service conflict, this good solution, directly shut down the Networkmanger service is good, servicesNetworkManage
Performance of network protocolsNow it's our turn to actually control things.The performance of network processing is not proportional to the addition of delay time.This is because the intrinsic operation of most network protocols is bidirectional information exchange.The remainder of this chapter focuses on understanding why these exchanges of information are ge
One, Win10 can't connect to this network what's going onFor the majority of people who are unable to connect to this network problem, mainly Win10 laptop users, using a wireless network. While the WIN10 connection other wireless network is normal, but is a wireless network c
The access network system is widely used and has been well developed in various fields. It also plays an important role in cable TV return. After more than 20 years of development, China's cable TV network line is now more than 3 million kilometers in length, the optical fiber trunk line reaches 0.26 million kilometers, and nearly 2000 counties have opened cable TV, among them, more than 600 counties have i
The network administrators started their brains and summed up a lot of network troubleshooting skills. However, by carefully reviewing these skills, we can see that some of the troubleshooting skills are performed on the Windows interface. Although these tricks are more convenient for users, it can also effectively improve the efficiency of network troubleshootin
Part 1: Network principle: 1. network addressing (mainly using IP address addressing) 1. IP address addressing is a two-layer addressing solution. an IP address identifies a host (or a Nic interface) 2. Currently, IPv4 addressing is the most widely used address.
Part 1: Network principles:
1. network addressing (mainly
Article title: Linux network basic network configuration method introduction. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.
View network information
View network interface informa
A layer-3 network is a layered layer-3 network. The three-tier network architecture adopts a hierarchical model design, which divides the complex network design into several layers. Each layer focuses on some specific functions, in this way, a complex big problem can become many simple small problems. The three-tier
China's wireless access network is still widely used, and it is also very important to optimize the network. So I studied the GSM network optimization problem of the Wireless Access Network, I would like to share it with you here and hope it will be useful to you. With the development of the mobile communication indust
Testing tools are the means to achieve automated testing. The rational use of testing tools can not only improve the network diagnostic capability, but also facilitate network management. Generally, broadly speaking, network testing tools can be divided into physical cable tester, network operation simulation tool, pro
Enterprises are becoming more and more demanding on the network, in order to ensure the high availability of the network, sometimes want to provide equipment, modules and link redundancy in the network.
However, in the two-tier network, redundant links may lead to switching loops, allowing broadcast packets to cycle e
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